注塑成型优化方法、注塑模的单浇口优化.docx

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1、A technical note on the characterization of electroformed nickelshells for their application to injection moldsUniversidad de Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Departamento de Ingenieria Mecanica,SpainAbstractThe techniques of rapid prototyping and rapid tooling have been widely developedduring the last y

2、ears. In this article, electroforming as a procedure to make cores forplastics injection molds is analysed. Shells are obtained from models manufacturedthrough rapid prototyping using the FDM system. The main objective is to analyze themechanical features of electroformed nickel shells, studying dif

3、ferent aspects related totheir metallographic structure, hardness, internal stresses and possible failures, by relatingthese features to the parameters of production of the shells with an electroformingequipment. Finally a core was tested in an injection moldKeywords: Electroplating; Electroforming;

4、 Microstructure; NickelArticle Outline1. Introduction2. Manufacturing process of an injection mold3. Obtaining an electroformed shell: the equipment4. Obtained hardness5. Metallographic structure6. Internal stresses7 Test of lhe injection mold8. ConclusionsRefeences1. IntroductionOne of the most imp

5、ortant challenges with which modem industry comes across is tooffer the consumer better products with outstanding variety and time variability (newdesigns). For this reason, modern industry must be more and more competitive and it has toproduce with acceptable costs. There is no doubt that combining

6、 the time variable and thequality variable is not easy because they frequently condition one another; the technologicaladvances in the productive systems are going to permit that combination to be moreefficient and feasible in a way that, for example, if it is observed the evolution of thesystems an

7、d techniques of plastics injection, we arrive at the conclusion that, in fact, ittakes less and less time to put a new product on the market and with higher levels of quality.The manufacturing technology of rapid tooling is, in this field, one of those technologicaladvances that makes possible the i

8、mprovements in the processes of designing andmanufacturing injected parts. Rapid tooling techniques are basically composed of acollection of procedures that are going to allow us to obtain a mold of plastic parts, insmall or medium series, in a short period of time and with acceptable accuracy level

9、s.Their application is not only included in the field of making plastic injected pieces 山,2and 3, however, it is true that it is where they have developed more and where they findthe highest output.This paper is included within a wider research line where it attempts to study, define,analyze, test a

10、nd propose, at an industrial level, the possibility of creating cores forinjection molds starting from obtaining electroformed nickel shells, taking as an initialmodel a prototype made in a FDM rapid prototyping equipment.It also would have to say beforehand that the electroforming technique is not

11、somethingnew because its applications in the industry are countless 3J, but this research work hastried to investigate to what extent and under which parameters the use of this technique inthe production of rapid molds is technically feasible. All made in an accurate andsystematized way of use and p

12、roposing a working method.2. Manufacturing process of an injection moldThe core is formed by a thin nickel shell that is obtained through the electroformingprocess, and that is filled with an epoxic resin with metallic charge during the integration inthe core plate 4 This mold (Fig, 1) permits the d

13、irect manufacturing by injection of a typea multiple use specimen, as they are defined by the UNE-EN ISO 3167 standard. Thepurpose of this specimen is to determine the mechanical properties of a collection ofmaterials representative industry, injected in these tools and its coMParison with theproper

14、ties obtained by conventional tools.The stages to obtain a core 14J, according to the methodology researched in this work, arethe following:(a) Design in CAD system of the desired object.(b) Model manufacturing in a rapid prototyping equipment (FDM system). The materialused will be an ABS plastic.(c

15、) Manufacturing of a nickel electroformed shell starting from the previous model that hasbeen coated with a conductive paint beforehand (it must have electrical conductivity).(d) Removal of the shell from the model.(e) Production of the core by filling the back of the shell with epoxy resin resistan

16、t to hightemperatures and with the refrigerating ducts made with copper tubes.The injection mold had two cavities, one of them was the electroformed core and theother was directly machined in the moving platen. Thus, it was obtained, with the same tooland in the same process conditions, to inject simultaneously two specimens in cavitiesmanufact