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1、Unit2MakingaDifferenceUI:TheWe11thatChangedtheWor1dAsasix-year-o1dCanadianschoo1boy,Ryanhadtroub1e(be1ieve)thewords(speak)byhisteachermanypeop1ein(deve1op)Africancountriescou1dn,tgetenoughc1eanwater.He1ookedacrossthec1assroomatthedrinkingfountain.Itwasveryc1ose-on1ytenstepsaway.So,Ryanaskedhimse1f,W
2、hydosomeAfricanchi1drenhavetowa1ktenki1ometrestogetwatereveryday?Andwhyisthewaterdirtythatitmakesthemsick?”YoungRyanthought,1ifeiseasyforme,hardforthosepeop1e.Whydon,tIhe1p?”Atfirst,hisp1anwas(p1an)moneytobui1dasing1ewe11somewhereinAfrica.Hec1eanedwindowsanddidgardeningforhisfami1yandneighbours.Heso
3、onreachedhisfirsttargetof$70,butwhenhegavethemoneytoacharity,he(te11)thatitactua11ycost$2,000tobui1dawe11.Seventydo11arswason1yenoughforahandpump.Ryanunderstoodthatahandpumpwou1dn,the1pthechi1dren.theyneededwasawe11dugneartheirhomes.Twothousanddo11arswasa1otofmoney,Ryandidn,tgiveup.Hewasdeterminedto
4、he1potherchi1drenhavec1eanwater.Hestartedtoaskhe1pfromhisc1assmatesandneighboursandpersuadedthemtodonatemoney.Atthesametime,afriendofRyan,smotherhe1ped(瑞安的事为公众所知了).Aftersevera1months,Ryanhadraisedthe$2,000,withawe11wasbui1tnearaprimaryschoo1inUganda.Thechi1drenattheschoo1no1ongerneededtowa1kforhours
5、togetwater.Theyweregratefu1himandinvitedhimtovisit.InUganda,Ryanat1astsawthefinishedwe11withhisowneyes.Butthatwasnota11.Hea1sosawhundredsof(de1ight)studentshadturnedouttowe1comehim.Theysanganddancedhappi1y.Someevenofferedhimfoodandgifts.AtfirstRyanwasnervous,butsoon(他就感到一阵温暖).(他真的改变了这些孩子的生活。).(他突然笑了
6、起来).1ater,Ryan,sexperience1edhimtosetupafoundationtoencouragemorepeop1etohe1p.Many(inspire)peop1egavehimtheirsupport.Ryan,sfoundationcontinuestoattractsupportfrommoreandmorepeop1e,theworkofbui1dingmorewe11scangoon.Today,over800,000peop1ein16countriesacrossAfricahavebenefitedfromthe(改变人一生的礼物)ofc1ean,
7、safewater.Now,asanadu1t,RyansaysthatthequestiontoaskisnotWhydon,tIhe1p?,butHowcanIhe1ptoday?”.(这份领悟，始于一个有勇气和毅力实现梦想的六岁男孩那颗坚定不移的心。)DIThePowerofGood“TheBritishSchind1erw:the1ifeofNicho1asWintonItisAugust1939,andagroupof(fright)chi1dren(board)atrainatPrague,sWi1sonStation.Their(伤心、的)parentsdonotjointhem
8、.Indeed,theyfeartheymayneverseetheirchi1drenagain.Buttheyknowthattheirchi1drenwi111ive.Theseareamongthe669chi1dren,mostofthemJewish,thatNicho1asWintonwi11goontosavedeathatthehandsoftheNazis.Nicho1asWintonwasbomon19May1909in1ondon,toGerman-Jewishparents.Thefami1y1atertookBritish(nation).(一毕业)，Wintonw
9、orkedinbanksinGermanyandFrance.HereturnedtoBritainin1931,heworkedinbusiness.December1938,afriendaskedWintontocometoPraguetoaidpeop1ewereescapingfromtheNazis.InPrague,Wintonsawpeop1e(生活在恶劣的环境中)and1iveswereindanger.Hedecidedtohe1ptransportchi1drento(safe)inBritain.Heestab1ishedanofficetokeeprecordsoft
10、hechi1dren,andthenreturnedtoBritaintofind(临时的)homesforthem.Heused(donate)fundsandhisownmoneytopaythe50poundsperchi1dtheBritishgovernmentrequired.ByAugust1939,Winton(save)669chi1dren.DuringWor1dWarII,Winton(担任)anofficerinBritain,sRoya1AirForce.He1eftthemi1itaryin1954.Hethenworkedforinternationa1chari
11、tiesandforvariouscompanies.Forthemostpart,hedidnotmentionthechi1drenhesaved,andhisactionssoon(淡出了人们的记忆).Thata11changedin1988whenhiswifeGretefounda(forget)journa1athome.Thejourna1containedphotographsandnamesofthechi1drenandaddressesofthefami1iesthattookthem.Shesentthejourna1toanewspaper,andthatyearWi
12、ntonwasseenontheBritishte1evisionprogrammeThafs1ife.Atonepoint,thehostaskedpeop1eintheaudiencetostandupifNicho1asWintonhadsavedtheir1ives.AshockedWintonwatchedasthe(majorOofpeop1erosetotheirfeet.Theprogrammebroughthisactionstopub1icattention,andWintonbecamea(respect)figurearoundthewor1d.1ater,Winton
13、receivedvarioushonourshisachievement,(inc1ude)aknighthoodin2003,andtheCzechgovemment,shighesthonour,theOrderoftheWhite1ion,in2014.Nicho1asWintonpassedawayon1Ju1y2015,theageof106.AstheChinesesayinggoes,Akind-heartedperson1ivesa1ongIifb.3. TUYOUYOUAWARDEDNOBE1PRIZEThisyear,sNobe1PrizeforPhysio1ogyorMe
14、dicinehasbeenawardedtoTuYouyou(co-winner),whoseresearch1edtothediscoveryofartemisinin,acrucia1newtreatmentforma1aria.Artemisininhassavedhundredsofthousandsof1ives,andhas1edtoimprovedhea1thformi11ionsofpeop1e.Over200mi11ionpeop1earoundthewor1dgetma1ariaeachyear,andabout600,000diefromit.Artemisininhas
15、becomeavita1partofthetreatmentforma1aria,andisthoughttosave100,0001ivesayearinAfricaa1one.TuYouyou,acommittedandpatientscientist,wasbominNingbo,China,on30December1930,andgraduatedfromPekingUniversityMedica1Schoo1in1955.Aftershegraduated,sheworkedattheChinaAcademyofTraditiona1ChineseMedicineinBeijing
16、.In1967,theChinesegovernmentformedateamofscientistswiththeobjectiveofdiscoveringanewtreatmentforma1aria,andTuYouyouwasamongthefirstresearcherschosen.Inthebeginning,TuYouyouwenttoHainan,wherema1ariawasmorecommon,tostudyma1ariapatients.In1969,shebecametheheadoftheprojectinBeijing,anddecidedtoreviewancientChinesemedica1textstofindtraditiona1botanica1treatmentsforthedisease.Herteamexaminedover2,000o1dmedica1texts,andeva1uated280,000p1ant
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