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1、循证医学实践报告老师,我在循证医学课上的随堂作业PICO的构建质量差,刚好现在遇到一位难治性的妊娠剧吐患者,所以把任务重做一遍!案例:患者高某,因“停经11+2周,恶心呕吐伴纳差一周”入院,入院后予以补液维持水电解质平衡,维生素B6及胃复安止吐等对症治疗一周后无明显好转,每日呕吐量达IOoO+m1,患者及家属非常着急,询问是否有更有效的治疗方案?比较异丙嗪与甲氧氯普胺治疗妊娠剧吐的疗效一、构建P1CO1、问题(P):妊娠剧吐2、干预措施(I):甲氧氯普胺3、对照措施(C):异丙嗪4、结局指标(0):呕吐缓解二、证据检索1、明确临床问题及问题类型疗效问题+治疗相关问题2、选择合适的数据库:PUB
2、MED、中国知网、超星图书、万方数据库3、根据选择的数据库制定相应检索策略和关键词A、甲氧氯普胺异丙嗪妊娠剧吐Metoc1opramideANDPromethazine4、评估检索结果:(部分)https:/PUbrned.ncbi.n1.nih.gov20410771https:/pubmed,ncbi.E11n1nih.gov/?term=%28%22Proniethazine%22%5BMesh%5D%29+AND+%28%22Metoc1opramide%22%5BMeSh%5D%29&fiIter=PUbt.Tandoniizedcontro11edtria1(Prom5,dorWn
3、3Mxr2$O64761V3PMIO3921142FrPMCMtkb.GmKA1TmUShareANationa11ibraryofMedicineyAtefione/CenferaxecotoyMxmah(yPUb依Iedg5(aPrormthaimenMMhDAND(MetockpraObstetGyvwco1.2010MayJ15(5)97S91doc10.1097/AOG.0b013e3181d99290.Promethazinecomparedwithmetoc1opramideforhyperemesisgravidarum:arandomizedcontro11edAuthorI
4、nformation(tftrfcs8Cwc(M09yit5.I(XMt10.XWOGbO1)18kJW90F*vtxrtt.UMetrksP*tmsknAbstractInBriefOBJECTIVE:Tbcompsr*1heffectsofPrcXnehaznwithtosOfnwtodopramtd。forhypremessgravSarmMETHODS:三、证据评价(一)初筛从PUBMED筛选初筛以本文献为例:Promethazinecomparedwithmetoc1opramideforhyperemesisgravidarum:arandomizedcontro11edtria1
5、o异丙嗪与甲氧氯普胺治疗妊娠剧吐的比较:一项随机对照试验。1、这篇文章是否来自同行评审的杂志?ORMiMA1BfSCMCHPromethazineComparedWithMetoc1opramideforHyperemesisGravidarumARandomizedContro11edTria1Tan.PvnfCtuonfFRCOG;Khin.PwimPhyuMB8S;VIUkUnfW.NarayaranMOG;OfnMSitiZwihMOG5hr*Authorinformations/Obstetrks86yntcofo0y115(5kpMey2010.1DOI:10.WVAOG.0b01
6、3e3181IW904edKJMMfk它来自美国妇产科协会。2、这篇文章的研究场所是否与你的医院相似、以结果真实应用到你的患者?这是在医院住院治疗的妊娠剧吐患者的研究。3、研究是否由某个组织所倡议?其研究设计或结果是否可能因此受影响?与作者本人无利益冲突。4、如果文章提供的信息是真实的,对我的患者的健康有无直接影响,是否为患者所关心的问题?与P1CO的“P”一致,研究表明,妊娠剧吐的发生可能与地区、经济、文化水平有关。5、是否为临床实践中常见的问题,文章中涉及的干预措施或实验方法在我的医院是否可行?硫酸镁和异丙嗪在我院均有在用。6、文章提供的信息是真实的是否会改变现有的医疗实践?我的这个患者甲
7、氧氯普胺疗效差,是不是就可以换成异丙嗪呢?(-)确定临床证据的类型这是一项随机对照试验(三)三性评价真实性1是否将诊断性实验与金标准进行独立、盲法和同步比较。Methods:Womenattheirfirsthospita1izationforhyperemesisgravidarumwereapproachedwhenintravenousantiemetictherapywasneeded.Theywererandom1yassignedtoreceive25mgpromethazineor10mgmetoc1opramideevery8hoursfor24hoursinadoub1e-b
8、1indstudy.Primaryoutcomeswerevomitingepisodesbydiaryandwe11-beingvisua1numerica1ratingsca1escore(10-pointsca1e)inthe24-hourmainstudyperiod.Participantsa1sofi11edoutanadverse-effectsquestionnaireat24hoursandanauseavisua1numerica1ratingsca1escoreatrecruitmentandat8,16,and24hours.真实性2研究对象选择是否包括适当的疾病谱。M
9、ethods:Womenattheirfirsthospita1izationforhyperemesisgravidarumwereapproachedwhenintravenousantiemetictherapywasneeded.Theywererandom1yassignedtoreceive25mgpromethazineor10mgmetoc1opramideevery8hoursfor24hoursinadoub1e-b1indstudy.Primaryoutcomeswerevomitingepisodesbydiaryandwe11-beingvisua1numerica1
10、ratingsca1escore(10-pointsca1e)inthe24-hourmainstudyperiod.Participantsa1sofi11edoutanadverse-effectsquestionnaireat24hoursandanauseavisua1numerica1ratingsca1escoreatrecruitmentandat8,16,and24hours.真实性3诊断性实验的结果是否影响金标准的使用。Resu1ts:Atota1of73and76women,randomizedtometoc1opramideandpromethazine,respecti
11、ve1y,wereana1yzed.Medianvomitingepisodeswereone(range0-26)comparedwithtwo(range0-26)(P=.81),andwe11-beingvisua1numerica1ratingsca1escoreswere8(range1-10)comparedwith7(range2-10)(P=.24)formetoc1opramideandpromethazine,respective1y.Repeat-measuresana1ysisofvarianceofthenauseavisua1numerica1ratingsca1e
12、scoresshowednosignificantdifferencebetweenstudydrugs(Fscore=0.842,P=.47).Reporteddrowsiness(58.6%comparedwith83.6%,P=.001,numberneededtotreattobenefit(NNTb5),dizziness(34.3%comparedwith71.2%,P.001,NNTb3),dystonia(5.7%comparedwith19.2%,P=.02fNNTb8),andtherapycurtai1mentowingtoadverseevents(0of730%comparedwith7of769.2%,P=.014)wereencountered1essfrequent1ywithmetoc1opramide.结论:异丙嗪与胃复安对妊娠剧吐住院患者的治疗效果相似。甲氧氯普胺的不良反应情况更好。对金标准的使用无影响。后面的重要性和适应性都不会做,很惭愧!其实循证医学真的是最有用的学科,可惜我们只有短短4节课,听以前的同学说她们还有分组讨论,很羡慕,系统评价和meta分析还是没学懂,可能以后都没有机会学懂了,非常遗憾!