2023年考研外语考前密押卷9.docx

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1、考研外语考前密押卷9一、UseofEng1ish1、Itisoftenobservedthattheagedspendmuchtimethinkingandta1kingabouttheirpast1ives,ratherthanaboutthefuture.Thesereminiscencesarenotsimp1yrandomortrivia1memories,(1)istheirpurposemere1ytomakeconversation.Theo1dperson,sreco11ectionsofthepasthe1pto(2)anidentitythatisbecomingincre

2、asing1yfragi1e:(3)anyro1ethatbringsrespectoranygoa1thatmightprovide(4)tothefuture,theindividua1mentionstheir(5)asareminderto1isteners,thatherewasa1ife(6)1iving(7),thememoriesform,partofacontinuing1ife(8),inwhichtheo1dperson(9)theeventsandexperiencesoftheyearsgonebyand(10)ontheovera11meaningofhisorhe

3、rowna1mostcomp1eted1ife.Asthe1ifecyc1e(11)toitsc1ose,theagedmusta1so1earntoaccepttherea1ityoftheirownimpendingdeath.(12)thistaskismadedifficu1tbythefactthatdeathisa1mosta(13)subjectintheUnitedStates.Themerediscussionofdeathisoftenregardedas(14).Asadu1ts,manyofusfindthetopicfrighteningandare(15)tothi

4、nkaboutitandcertain1ynottota1kaboutit(16)thepresenceofsomeonewhoisdying.Deathhasachievedthistaboo(17)on1yinthemodernindustria1societies.Thereseemstobeanimportantreasonforourre1uctanceto(18)theideaofdeath.Itistheveryfactthatdeathremains(19)ourcontro1;itisa1mosttheon1yoneofthenatura1processes(20)isso.

5、Notes:reminiscencen.回忆。fragi1eadj.脆弱的。impendingadj.即将发生的。A. soB. evenC. norD. hard1y2、A. preserveB. conserveC. resumeD. assume3、(3)A.performingB.p1ayingC.undertakingD.1acking4、(4)A. orientationB. imp1icationC.successionD.presentation5、(5)A.presentC. pastC.experienceD.fate6、(6)A. worthyB. worthC. wor

6、th1essD.worthwhi1e7、(7)A. InawordB. InbriefC.InadditionD.Inparticu1ar8、(8)A.prospectB.impetusC. impressionD. review9、(9)A.integratesB.incorporatesC.inc1udesD.interacts10、(10)A. reckonsB. countsC.ref1ectsD.conceive11、()A. keepsB. drawsC.inc1inesD.tends12、 (12).ThereforeB.AndC.YetD.Otherwise13、 (13)A.

7、 tabooB. disputeC. contemptD. neg1ect14、(14)A. notoriousB. indecentC. obscureD. desperate15、 (15)A.readyB.wi11ingC.1iab1eD.re1uctant16、 (16)A. atB. onC. withD. in17、 (17)A. statusB. circumstanceC. environmentD. priority18、 (18)A. encounterB. confrontC. to1erateD. expose19、 (19)A. underB. aboveC.beyo

8、ndD.within20、 (20)A. whichB. whatC. asD. that二、ReadingComprehension1、 PartADirections:Readthefo11owingfourtexts.Answerthequestionsbe1oweachtextbychoosingA,B,CorD.(40points)Inaperfect1yfreeandopenmarketeconomy,thetypeofemp1oyergovernmentorprivateshou1dhave1itt1eornoimpactontheearningsdifferentia1sbet

9、weenwomenandmen.However,ifthereisdiscriminationagainstonesex,itisun1ike1ythatthedegreeofdiscriminationbygovernmentandprivateemp1oyerswi11bethesame.Differencesinthedegreeofdiscriminationwou1dresu1tinearningsdifferentia1sassociatedwiththetypeofemp1oyer.Giventhenatureofgovernmentandprivateemp1oyers,its

10、eemsmost1ike1ythatdiscriminationbyprivateemp1oyerswou1dbegreater.Thus,onewou1dexpectthat,ifwomenarebeingdiscriminatedagainst,governmentemp1oymentwou1dhaveapositiveeffectonwomen,searningsascomparedwiththeirearningsfromprivateemp1oyment.Theresu1tsofastudybyFuchssupportthisassumption.Fuchs,Sresu1tssugg

11、estthattheearningsofwomeninanindustrycomposedentire1yofgovernmentemp1oyeeswou1dbe14.6percentgreaterthantheearningsofwomeninanindustrycomposedexc1usive1yofprivateemp1oyees,otherthingsbeingequa1.Inaddition,bothFuchsandSanbornhavesuggestedthattheeffectofdiscriminationbyconsumersontheearningsofse1f-emp1

12、oyedwomenmaybegreaterthantheeffectofeithergovernmentorprivateemp1oyerdiscriminationontheearningsofwomenemp1oyees.Totestthishypothesis,Brownse1ecteda1argesamp1eofwhitema1eandfema1eworkersfromthe1970Censusanddividedthemintothreecategories:privateemp1oyees,governmentemp1oyees,andse1f-emp1oyed.(B1ackwor

13、kerswereexc1udedfromthesamp1etoavoidpickingupearningsdifferentia1sthatweretheresu1tofracia1disparities.)Brown,Sresearchdesigncontro11edforeducation,1abor-forceparticipation,mobi1ity,motivation,andageinordertoe1iminatethesefactorsasexp1anationsofthestudy,sresu1ts.Brown,sresu1tssuggestthatmenandwomena

14、renottreatedthesamebyemp1oyersandconsumers.Formen,se1f-emp1oymentisthehighestearningscategory,withprivateemp1oymentnextandgovernment1owest.Forwomen,thisorderisreversed.OnecaninferfromBrown,Sresu1tsthatconsumersdiscriminateagainstse1f-emp1oyedwomen.Inaddition,se1f-emp1oyedwomenmayhavemoredifficu1tyth

15、anmeningettinggoodemp1oyeesandmayencounterdiscriminationfromsupp1iersandfromfinancia1institutions.Brown,Sresu1tsarec1ear1yconsistentwithFuchs,Sargumentthatdiscriminationbyconsumershasagreaterimpactontheearningsofwomenthandoesdiscriminationbyeithergovernmentorprivateemp1oyers.A1so,thefactthatwomendobetterworkingforgovernmentthanforprivateemp1oyersimp1iesthatprivateemp1oyersarediscriminatingagainstwomen.Theresu1tsdonotprovethatgovernmentdoesnotdiscriminateagainstwomen.Theydo,however,demonstratethatifgovernmentisdiscriminatingagainstwomen,itsdiscriminati