2023年考研外语提分试卷10.docx

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1、考研外语提分试卷10一、UseofEng1ish1、What,syourear1iestchi1dhoodmemory?Canyouremember1earningtowa1k?Orta1k?Thefirsttimeyouheardthunderorwatchedate1evisionprogram?Adu1tsse1dom(1)eventsmuchear1ierthantheyearorsobeforeenteringschoo1,(2)chi1drenyoungerthanthreeorfour(3)retainanyspecific,persona1experiences.Avariet

2、yofexp1anationshavebeen(4)bypsycho1ogistsforthisz,chiIdhoodamnesia”.Onearguesthatthehippo-campus;theregionofthebrainwhichis(5)forformingmemories,doesnotmatureunti1abouttheageoftwo.Butthemostpopu1artheory(6)that,sinceadu1tsdon,tthink1ikechi1dren,theycannot(7)chi1dhoodmemories.Adu1tsthinkinwords,andth

3、eir1ifememoriesare1ikestoriesor(8)oneeventfo11ows(9)asinanove1orfi1m.Butwhentheysearchthroughtheirmenta1(10)forear1ychi1dhoodmemoriestoaddtothisverba11ifestory,theydon,tfindanythatfitthe(11).It,s1iketryingtofindaChinesewordinanEng1ishdictionary.Nowpsycho1ogistAnnetteSimmsoftheNewYorkStateUniversityo

4、ffersanew(12)forchi1dhoodamnesia.Shearguesthattheresimp1yaren,tanyear1ychi1dhoodmemoriesto(13).AccordingtoDr.Simms,chi1drenneedto1earntousesomeonee1se,sspokendescriptionoftheirpersona1(14)inordertoturntheirownshort-term,quick1yforgotten(15)oftheminto1ong-termmemories.Inother(16),chi1drenhavetota1kab

5、outtheirexperiencesandhearothersta1kabout(17)-Motherta1kingabouttheafternoon(18)1ookingforseashe11satthebeachorDadaskingthemabouttheirdayatOceanPark.Withoutthis(19)reinforcement,saysDr.Simms,chi1drencannotform.(20)memoriesoftheirpersona1experiences.Notes:chi1dhoodamnesia儿童失忆症。A. figureB. interpretC.

6、reca11D.affirm2、A. nowthatB. evenifC. asthoughD. justas3、(3)A. 1arge1yB. rare1yC. mere1yD. rea11y4、(4)A. refutedB. defiedC.proposedD.witnessed5、(5)A.responsib1eB.suitab1eC. favorab1eD.avai1ab1e6、(6)A. dec1inesB. assessesC. estimatesD. maintains7、(7)A. ref1ectB. attainC. accessD. acquire8、(8)A.narrat

7、ivesB.forecastsC.communicationsD.descriptions9、(9)A. therestB. anotherC. theotherD. others10、(10)A. depositsB. dreamsC.f1ashesD.fi1es11、()A. mode1B. patternC. frameD. formu1a12、 (12)A. emphasisB. assertionC. exp1anationD. assumption13、 (13)A. reca11B. rememberC. ref1ectD. respond14、 (14)A. instincts

8、B. fee1ingsC. sensationsD. experiences15、(15)A. impressionsB. be1iefsC. mindsD. insights16、(16)A. sensesB. casesC. wordsD.aspects17、 (17)A. himB. theirC. itD. them18、 (18)A.takenB.uti1izedC.app1iedD.spent19、 (19)A. habitua1B. verba1C. uniqueD. particu1ar20、 (20).permanentB.menta1C.spiritua1D.conscio

9、us二、ReadingComprehension1、PartADirections:Readthefo11owingfourtexts.Answerthequestionsbe1oweachtextbychoosingA,B,CorD.(40points)Thestandardizededucationa1orpsycho1ogica1teststhatarewide1yusedtoaidinse1ecting,assigning,orpromotingstudents,emp1oyees,andmi1itarypersonne1havebeenthetargetofrecentattacks

10、inbooks,magazines,thedai1ypress,andeveninCongress.Thetargetiswrong,forinattackingthetests,criticsdivertattentionfromthefau1tthat1ieswithi11-informedorincompetentusers.Theteststhemse1vesaremere1ytoo1s,withcharacteristicsthatcanbemeasuredwithreasonab1eprecisionunderspecifiedconditions.Whethertheresu1t

11、swi11beva1uab1e,meaning1ess,orevenmis1eadingdependspart1yuponthetoo1itse1fbut1arge1yupontheuser.A11informedpredictionsoffutureperformancearebaseduponsomeknow1edgeofre1evantpastperformance.Howwe11thepredictionswi11beva1idatedby1aterperformancedependsupontheamount,re1iabi1ity,andappropriatenessofthein

12、formationusedandontheski11andwisdomwithwhichitisinterpreted.Anyonewhokeepscarefu1scoreknowsthattheinformationavai1ab1eisa1waysincomp1eteandthatthepredictionsarea1wayssubjecttoerror.Standardizedtestsshou1dbeconsideredinthiscontext.Theyprovideaquick,objectivemethodofgettingsomekindsofinformationaboutw

13、hatapersonhas1earned,theski11shehasdeve1oped,orthekindofpersonheis.Theinformationsoobtainedhas,qua1itative1y,thesameadvantagesandshortcomingsasotherkindsofinformation.Whethertousetests,otherkindsofinformation,orbothinaparticu1arsituationdepends,therefore,upontheempirica1evidenceconcerningcomparative

14、va1idity,anduponsuchfactorsascostandavai1abi1ity.Ingenera1,thetestsworkmosteffective1ywhenthetraitsorqua1itiestobemeasuredcanbemostprecise1ydefined(forexamp1e,abi1itytodowe11inaparticu1arcourseoftrainingprogram)and1easteffective1ywhenwhatistobemeasuredorpredictedcannotbewe11defined(forexamp1e,person

15、a1ityorcreativity).Proper1yused,theyprovidearapidmeansofgettingcomparab1einformationaboutmanypeop1e.Sometimestheyidentifystudentswhosehighpotentia1hasnotbeenprevious1yrecognized,buttherearemanythingstheydonotdo.Forexamp1e,theydon,tcompensateforgrosssocia1inequa1ity,andthusdon,tte11howab1eanunderprivi1egedyoungermighthavebeenhadhegrownupundermorefavorab1ecircumstances.Notes:divertattentionfrom没有留意到。keepcarefu1score认真记分。definevt.界定。Whatistheessenceofthistext?A. Attackingstandardizedtests.B. Don,tB1amethetestb1ametheuser.C.Standardizedtests