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1、老方法造“新”空调如今,人们的工作、学习和生活都离不开空调。空调给人们带来众多好处的同时,也对环境造成了巨大的破坏。而随着社会的发展,新型环保空调逐渐成为了未来的趋势。阅读短文并回答问题Asthec1imatecrisismakesthewor1dhotter,peop1eare1ookingtostaycoo1.By2050,therecou1dbethreetimesasmanyairconditioningunitsonthep1anetastherewerein2018.InIndia,forexamp1e,theInternationa1EnergyAgencybe1ievesair
2、conditioningcou1daccountfor45%ofpeake1ectricitydemandby2050un1essthingschange.ThevastmajorityofIndia,se1ectricitysupp1ysti11comesfromcoa1.Combinedirtyenergywithhydrof1uorocarbons,thegreenhousegasesusedinairconditioningunits,andyouhaveaso1utionthatsCOn1r)OUndi1Igtheprob1eminthe1ongterm.1ucki1y,aNewDe
3、1hiarchitectanddesigner,MonishSiripurapu,founderofAntStudio,is1ookingattheissueofcoo1ing.Indiaisnostrangertopassivecoo1ingsystems:thefamousStepwe1IsofRajasthanhaveusedwaterevaporation(蒸发)toofferre1ieffromtheheatforover1500years.Butforhisso1ution,SiripuraputurnedtotheAncientEgyptians.NamedtheCoo1Ant,
4、Siripurapu,ssystemcomprisesahoneycomb-1ikenetworkofterracotta(赤陶)tubes.Wateriscircu1atedbyane1ectricpumpoverthesurfaceofthestructure.Waterevaporatesfromtheterracottasurfacewhenairpassesthroughthetubes,coo1ingtheair.AntStudio,sfirstmode1inafactoryinNoida,UttarPradesh,istoppedupwith2001itersofwatereve
5、ryweek,recyc1edbythefactory,andused3to4hoursaday,sixdaysaweek.ttWearetryingtore-adaptthisinmanyp1acesfordifferentneeds,saysSiripurapu.Thereisgrowinginterestinareturntovernacu1ararchitecture(乡土建筑),using1oca1izedmethodsandmateria1s,andbioc1imaticarchitecture,designedtotakeaccountofthe1oca1c1imatewitho
6、utusingadditiona1energytocoo1orheatbui1dings.ttCivi1izationcannotcontinuebui1dingthesamewaythatwearedoing,Siripurapusays.tiAsarchitects,weareusedto1ookingatasing1ec1ient.wedon,trea11y1ookatthebiggerpicture/*he)adds,44Butnowwecanbeverysustainab1eandmakesomethingrea11ygood.”2.Whatdoestheunder1inedword
7、probab1ymeaninparagraph1?A.Fixing.B.Worsening.C.1essening.D.Testing.2. Whatisthesecondparagraphmain1yabout?A. Theintroductiontothestepwe11sinIndia.B. ThedescriptionofSiripurapuscoo1ingsystem.C. AncientEgyptianswaysofcoo1ingtheair.D. ThereasonsforSiripurapufoundingAntStudio.3. Whatisspecia1abouttheCo
8、oIAntcomparedwithairconditioning?A. Itwontproducegreenhousegases.B. Itdoesntneedanye1ectricitytowork.C. Itcanworkfora1ongtimewith1itt1ewater.D. Itcanbeusedinvariousp1acestoheatbui1dings.4. WhatdoesSiripurapuconveyinthe1astparagraph?A. Designersshou1dconsiderthe1oca1c1imatewhendesigningbui1dings.B. A
9、rchitectsareusedtoworkingforasing1ec1ientratherthanbigcompanies.C. Modempeop1ecantcreateacivi1izationasbri11iant1yastheancientpeop1e.D. Peop1erea1izeit,stimetomakethingsthatarebothenvironmenta11yfriend1yandpractica1.【参考答案】BBAD目单词学习1. accountfor(数量、比例上)占Computersaccountfor5%ofthecountry,scommercia1e1
10、ectricityconsumption.电脑占了这个国家商业用电的5%。2. peake1ectricitydemand电力需求峰值3. thegreenhousesgases温室气体4. compound也使加重;使恶化Theprob1emswerecompoundedbyseverefoodshortages.严重的食物短缺使问题进一步恶化。5. passivecoo1ingsystem非能动式冷却系统6. waterev叩Oration水分蒸发7. comprisev.包括;由组成Theco11ectioncomprises327paintings.这部画册收有327幅画。8. hon
11、eycomb-1ikenetwork蜂窝状的网状物9. circu1atev.(液体或气体)环流,循环Thediseasepreventstheb1oodfromcircu1atingfree1y.这种病阻碍了血液的循环畅通。10. e1ectricpump电动泵11. topup加满;充值12. 1oca1izeu.使局部化13. bioc1imaticarchitecture生物气候建筑14. takeaccountof考虑到Weneedtodefineanewstrategywhichmusttakeaccountofchangingmarketconditions.我们需要制定一个新政
12、策,该政策必须考虑到变化着的市场环境。15. sustainab1eadj.可持续的m长难句分析Thereisgrowinginterestinareturntovernacu1ararchitecture,using1oca1izedmethodsandmateria1s,andbioc1imaticarchitecture,designedtotakeaccountofthe1oca1c1imatewithoutusingadditiona1energytocoo1orheatbui1dings.分析】句子主干为“Thereisinterestinareturntovernacu1arar
13、chitectureandbioc1imaticarchitecture,uusing1oca1izedmethodsandmateria1s”和“designedtotakeaccountof.coo1orheatbui1dings”作后置定语,分别修饰“vernacu1ararchitecture”和bioc1imaticarchitecture,【翻译】越来越多的人对乡土建筑和生物气候建筑产生了兴趣。乡土建筑回归到使用本土的方法和材料;生物气候建筑在设计时已将当地的气候因素考虑在内,它不需要使用额外的能源来降低或增加建筑物的室内温度。当知识拓展1 .AntStudio团队利用计算技术重新
14、诠释了传统的蒸发冷却技术,以此来建造具有定制尺寸和形态的圆柱形粘土锥的原型。这项设计灵感来自于蜂巢,仿造蜂巢的结构,用上百个环保的赤陶土管制作而成。首先,拿水浸泡这些土管,让其吸饱水。随后蒸发冷却会将暖空气挤出管内,这样冷气就能自然产生了。该系统采用维护成本低廉,可持续利用且廉价的替代品多孔赤土作为热交换介质,利用水的冷却性能,将热空气转换成宜人的微风。2 .国际能源机构(Internationa1EnergyAgenCy):亦称“国际能源署”,为经济合作与发展组织的辅助机构之一。它于1974年11月成立,其总部设在法国巴黎。它的宗旨是:协调各成员国的能源政策,减少对进口石油的依赖,在石油供应
15、短缺时建立分摊石油消费制度,促进石油生产国与石油消费国之间的对话与合作。自成立以来,国际能源机构在石油市场、节能、新能源的开发利用等方面一直采取共同对策。3 .氢氟碳化物(hydrof1uorocarbons):种有助于避免破坏臭氧层的物质。氢氟碳化物虽然不含有破坏地球臭氧层的氯或滨原子,但它是一种极强的温室气体,其对气候变暖的作用远比等量的二氧化碳要强,有的氢氟碳化物的致暖效应要比二氧化碳高几千倍。4 .印度阶梯井:古代印度文明的一个标志性建筑物,它具有蓄水、纳凉等多种用途。阶梯井的设计目的是在蓄水的同时,可以让民众比较容易地接近水源。通常阶梯井底部会有闸门,用以提升水位,在需要用水的季节将水位升至3到4层的位置。它的阶梯式结构是古印度人最高明的发明,展现了古印度石匠的高超技术。