时文拓展阅读50鲨鱼的未来生存还是灭亡.docx

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1、时文阅读I鲨鱼的未来一一生存还是灭亡众所周知，鲨鱼是海洋世界的霸主，对维持海洋的生态平衡起着至关重要的作用。而一项新的研究发现，大白鲨和鲸鲨将在下个世纪成为濒临灭绝的鲨鱼物种。这再次提醒我们，物种灭绝速度加快的背后，人类活动该怎样加以节制，才能在最大程度上减少对自然的干预阅读短文并回答问题Greatwhitesandwha1esharksareamongthespeciesatriskofextinctionoverthenextcentury,anewstudyhasfound.Pimientoisthe1eadauthorofastudypub1ishedinScienceAdvances

2、that1ooksathowtheextinctionof1argemarine（海洋的）specieswou1dimpacttheeco1ogica1ro1esofoceanecosystems.Theextinctioncrisischa11engesscientiststobettermeasurebiodiversity:howwi11thetota1varietyof1ifeonEarthbeaffectedashumanactivities1eadtothe1ossesofmoreandmorespecies?”theysaid.Intheoceans,thebiggestanim

3、a1sarethoughttop1aycrucia1eco1ogica1ro1es,andarea1sofacinghigh1eve1softhreatfromhumanactivitiessuchasfisheriesandc1imatechange.Theteamwas1ookingtomovebeyondtraditiona1speciesextinctions,tofindoutmoreaboutthefunctiona1diversity,therangeofro1esthatthesespeciesperform,andhowbiodiversitymightrespondunde

4、rdifferentextinctionscenarios（预测）.Theyrantwodifferentextinctionscenarios.Inone,researchers1ookedatextinctionprobabi1itybasedontheircurrentIUCN（Internationa1UnionforConservationofNature）status.Inthesecond,theyassumeda11species1istedasthreatened,around40percent,hadgoneextinct.Sharkswerefoundtobeoneoft

5、heworstaffectedgroups.Wea1readyknewthatsharksareoneofthemostthreatenedgroupsintheocean,theysaid.Theyarea1soveryvu1nerab1eduetotheir1argesizeand1owreproductiverate.Ourresu1tsshowthatfutureextinctionswou1dbese1ectiveagainstthemostfunctiona11yuniqueandspecia1izedsharkspecies,resu1tingingreaterprojected

6、1osses.”Theya1sosaidthebiggestthreatstomarinemegafauna（大型哺乳动物群）arefishing,eitherthroughaccidenta11ygettingcaughtupordirect1ytargeted,andc1imatechange.Mitigatingthesethreatscou1dbethebestwaytoprotectthesespecies.Thegoodnewsisthatthestudyidentifieskeyspeciesthatcanbetargetedandprotected.Sometimesocean

7、conservationcanbeatriagegame.Thesciencehe1psusknowwhichspeciesrea11yneedourhe1pandwhichspecieswerea11ycannotaffordto1oseo1. WhatisPimicnto,sstudyabout?A. Thepossib1ethreatsof1argemarineanima1s.B. Themaincauseoftheextinctioncrisisinthesea.C. Theeco1ogica1ro1eof1argeanima1sintheocean.D. Thebestwayofba

8、1ancingbiodiversitywithhumanacts.2. Howdidtheteamconductitsresearch?A. Bycheckingcurrentdata.B. Bypredictingextinctionrates.C. Bymeasuringmarinebiodiversity.D. Byana1yzingtraditiona1experiments.3. Whatdoesthestudy,sresu1tshow?A. Theriskofsharksreproducingintheocean.B. Theso1utiontoanima1s,protection

9、inthesea.C. Theinf1uenceofsharks*extinctionontheocean.D. Thereasonforsharksbeinghithardestinthesea.4. Whatistheauthor,sattitudetowardsthestudy?A.Indifferent.B.Positive.C.Skeptica1.D.Negative.【参考答案】CBDB邑单词学习1. ecosystemn.生态系统Iheforestecosystem森林生态系统2. mitigatev.减轻；缓和actiontomitigatepoverty减轻贫穷的行动3. t

10、riage.伤员鉴别分类当长难句分析Pirnientoisthe1eadauthorofastudypub1ishedinScienceAdvancesthat1ooksathowtheextinctionof1argemarinespecieswou1dimpacttheeco1ogica1ro1esofoceanecosystems.分析】句子主干为“Pimientoistheauthor；pub1ishedinSCieAdwmces为后置定语，修饰“astudy”；tthat1ooksathowthe.ro1esofoceanecosystems”为定语从句，修饰先行词“astudy；其

11、中howtheextinction.oceanecosystems”为介词at”的宾语从句。【翻译】作为主要作者，PimieIIto在科学进展发表了一项研究，该研究对大型海洋物种的灭绝在海洋生态系统的生态作用方面所造成的影响进行了阐述。有知识拓展.ScienceAdvances科学进展，是科学杂志旗下的子刊。科学杂志是美国科学促进会出版的一份学术期刊，为全世界最权威的学术期刊之一。2.IUCN(Internationa1UnionforConservationofNature)国际自然保护联盟，是世界上规模最大、历史最悠久的全球性非营利环保机构，也是自然环境保护与可持续发展领域唯一作为联合国大会永久观察员的国际组织。