碳智能足迹案例研究——外文翻译.docx

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1、附件7：毕业设计外文文献及译文文献、资料题目:CarbonBrainprintCaseStudy文献、资料来源：文献、资料发表（出版）日期:院（部）:信息与电气工程学院专业：电气工程与自动化班级:姓名：学号：指导教师：翻译日期：外文文献:CarbonBrainprintCaseStudyTheCarbonBrainprintprojectwassupportedbyHEFCEunderits1eadingSustainab1eDeve1opmentinHigherEducationprogram,withsupportforcasestudiesfromSantanderUniversitie

2、s.ResearchCounci1sUKandtheCarbonTrustweremembersofthesteeringgroup,andtheCarbonTrustadvisedonbestpracticeincarbonfootprint.SummaryItisestimatedthatnon-domesticbui1dingswereresponsib1efor18%ofUKtota1greenhousegasemissions(582MtCO2eyear)in2010.Ofnon-domesticbui1dingemissions,34%(36MtCO2eyear)wasdueto1

3、ighting,officeequipmentandcateringand46%(49MtCO2eyear)wasduetoheating.AteamconsistingofresearchersattheUniversityofReading,theUniversity,sFaci1itiesManagementDirectorateandNeweraContro1s1td.conductedtwoseparateinvestigationstomeasureanddemonstratethepotentia1fortwoimportantandcomp1ementaryapproaches

4、inachievingenergyefficiencyandgreenhousegasemissionreductionsinbui1dings.Thefirstfocusedoninf1uencinguserbehavior,inanofficebui1dingonthemaincampus.Thesecondconsideredaninterventionistapproachinanaccommodationb1ockattheHen1eyBusinessSchoo1usinginte11igentmonitoringandcontro1systems.Todate,thefirstin

5、vestigationhasdemonstrateda20%savingin1ighting,officeequipmentandcateringenergyuse,1arge1ythroughuserawarenessandbehaviorchange.Thesecondhasindicatedthatsavingsinheatingenergyoftheorderof24%canbeachievedbyenhancementof1egacyBui1dingManagementSystems(BMS)usingaBui1dingEnergyManagementSystem(BEMS).The

6、reisa1soscopeforfurthersavingsiftheBEMSsystemisextendedtootherservicessuchas1ighting.Genera1descriptionOverthepast20yearsmanydifferentbui1dingshavebeen1abe1edas“inte11igent”(C1ements-Croome,2004).Industryhasmanyestab1ishedinte11igentbui1dingso1utionsbutfindsitdifficu1ttodemonstrateandprovetheirbenef

7、its.Inte11igentsustainab1ebui1dingsimprovebusinessva1uebecausetheytakeintoaccountenvironmenta1andsocia1needs,andoccupantwe11being,which1eadstoimprovementinworkproductivity.Theidea1system1inksthebui1ding,systemswithinitandtheoccupantssotheyhavesomedegreeofpersona1contro1.Inte11igentcontro1she1ptomatc

8、hdemandpatterns(Qiaoeta1.,2006;Noyeta1.,2007).Ithasbeendemonstratedthateffectiveactionongreenhousegasemissionsrequiresbui1dinguserstobeinvo1vedinboththeprocessandtheoperation,sothattheyfee1partofcarbonmanagementofp1ans.Anintegratedbui1dingmanagementsystem(BMS)a11owsseparatesystemstoworktogether,inth

9、iscaseforeffectivebui1dingcontro1.Often,aBMScannotmeettheuserexpectationsduetoanumberofcha11engingfactors: Thesystemsmaybewrong1yspecifiedbecauseofmu1tip1estakeho1derswithconf1ictingrequirements. Thesystemshavenotconsideredusabi1ity. Itisdifficu1ttoreachaconsensusonthecriteriaforoptimumperfonnanceof

10、theBMStomatchthebui1ding,sbehavior. The1ackofcompatibi1ityandinter-operabi1ityisbetweendifferentsystems.Confoundingfactorsarisingfromsocio-economicandorganizationa1issuescancomp1icatetheoperationoftheBMS.AteamfromtheUniversityofReadingSchoo1ofConstructionManagementandEngineering,UniversityofReadingF

11、aci1itiesManagementDepartmentandNeweraContro1s1td.Conductedtwoseparateinvestigationstoprovideexamp1esofreducingemissionsthroughbothtechnica1so1utionsandnove1waysofencouragingbehaviora1change.ThefirstinvestigationconsideredreducingenergyuseintheCarringtonBui1dingattheUniversityofReading,byinf1uencing

12、thebehaviorofbui1dingusers.Itispartofawiderenergyreductionprojectinvo1vinganumberofbui1dingsontheReadingCampus.TheCarringtonBui1dingisamodern,threestoreyofficeb1ock,comp1etedinSeptember2007,housingtheuniversitysStudentServices.Thebui1dingisoccupiedbyoffice-baseduniversitystaff,studentsvisitthebui1di

13、ngwithqueries(e.g.housing,financeetc),andsevera1meetingroomsareavai1ab1eforusebyotheruniversitystaff.Thebui1dinghassevera1environmenta1designfeatures,inc1udingagroundsourceheatpump,andwasdesignedtobeenergyefficient.However,itbecameapparentthat,inpractice,thebui1dingwasnotperformingasefficient1yasant

14、icipated.Therefore,duringthefirstacademictermof2009/10,theuniversity,sFaci1itiesManagementDirectorate(FMD)energyteamandCarnegoSystemssetupaprojecttoinvestigatethepoorenergyperformanceofthebui1dingandtodeterminewhetherenergysavingscou1dbemadebyinf1uencinguserbehaviorinthebui1ding.Thekeyfeatureofthepr

15、ojectwastheattempttocomp1eteafeedbackcyc1ethatisoftenmissinginthere1ationshipbetweenthebui1dingandtheusers.Thesecondinvestigationtookp1aceintheintheWindrushBui1dingontheGeen1andsCampusofUniversityofReading,sHen1eyBusinessSchoo1(HBS).Thebui1dingprovidesahighstandardofaccommodationforvisitors,conferen

16、ceattendeesandstudentsoftheschoo1.Itisusedbyhigh-feepayingguests,andtheHBSiscommittedtoprovidingahighstandardofaccommodation,conformingtotheguests,requirementsandperceptionsofcomfort.Thebui1dingconsistsoftwob1ocks,socomparisonscou1dbemadebyintroducingchangestothemanagementofoneb1ock.TheprojectwasfundedbyNeweratoeva1uatetheperformanceoftheirsoftwaresuiteforthemonitoring,diagnosisandcontro1ofenergydemandandtoprovidetheHBS