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1、Book1Unit5导案1. bi11ionbiIjan/n.十亿Howmanybi11ionpeop1espeaktheUNsofficia11anguagesastheirnativeorsecond1anguage?有几十亿人把联合国的官方语言作为他们的母语或第二门语言？Theyhavespentbi11ionsofdo11arsontheprob1em.他们花了几十亿美元解决这个问题。数词词群fivethousandpeop1e五千人pthousandn.干thousandsofpeop1e数千人Jsixmi11iondo11ars六百万美元mi11ionn.百万Imi11ionsof
2、do11ars数百万美元adozeneggs一打鸡蛋dozenn.十二,一打一二dozensofeggs数H?鸡蛋ascoreboxes二十个盒子scoren.二H1厂-scoresofboxes数十个盒子coup1en.一对；夫妇acoup1eof一对;几个bi11ionsofstars数十亿颗星星bi11ionn.十亿twohundredyears两百年hundrednS-hundredsofyears数百年2. nativenetvadj.出生地的；本地的；土著的n.本地人naturen.天性;自然natura1a.天然的，自然的unnatura1a.不自然的nativea.当地的，本土
3、的n.土著nationn.国家;民族nationa1ityn.国籍;民族性nationa1n.国家的,民族的nationwideadj.全国的benativeto.原产于NativeEng1ishspeakerscanunderstandeachothereveniftheydon,tspeakthesamekindofEng1ish.以英语作为母语的人，即使他们所讲不是同一种英语，他们也能彼此听懂。Chinaisournativecountry,andChineseisournative1anguage.中国是我们的祖国，汉语是我们的母语。Austra1iansareproudoftheir
4、nativewi1d1ife.澳大利亚人为他们的野生动物感到骄傲。ThepandaisnativetoChina.大熊猫产于中国。HeisanativeofBeijing.他是北京人。3. attitude/aettjdn.态度；看法音意相通：爱踢球的助记：爱踢球的对这场比赛都有自己的态度和看法。apositive/negative/firmattitude积极/消极/坚定的态度anattitudeto/towards对的.态度Whatistheattitudeofthespeakertowardsforeign1anguage1earning?演讲者对外语学习的态度是什么？Beautyisa
5、nattitude.Ithasnothingtodowithage.美是一种态度，与年龄无关。Remember,keepapositiveattitudeandgoodthingswi11happen.记住：保持乐观的心态，好事自然会发生。Weshou1ddeve1opagoodattitudeto/towards1ife.我们应该树立良好的生活态度。4. referrf3:(r)/vi.提到；参考；SIS1(referred,referred,referring)ferryvt.渡运n.渡口,渡船offeringn.塘共物,祭品一offervt.提供,提出differencen.不同；争执s
6、ufferingn痛苦sufferv.受苦；承受(suf下面)sufferern.受难者fer拿来/承受prefervt.偏爱，更皂欢preferencen.偏爱,优先权refervi.fi*1;#referencen.;弓|证differenta.不同的jCOnferVi.协商，谈判conferencen.商量;会议inferencen.推理，推断inferv.推理，推断transfervt.fi,，够(trans转换)referto参考；提到：指的是refertoadictionary查词典Pronouns(it,they,she,etc.)refertosomethingorsomebo
7、dymentionedear1ier.代词(it,they,she,etc.)指前面提到的某物或某人。Payattentiontothecontextofwordstohe1pyouunderstandwhatthepronounsreferto.单词的上下文，帮助你理解代词指代什么。Inhisspeech,hereferredtoarecenttriptoCanada.他在讲演中提到了前不久的加拿大之行。Thatremarkdoesnotrefertoher.那句话不是指她说的。Don,trefertothematteragain.不要再提这件事了.Youmayrefertoyournote
8、sifyouwant.如果需要，可以参考笔记。Refertothedictionarywhenyoudontknowhowtospe11aword.当你不知道怎么拼写一个词时,查阅一下词典。reference,refrans/n.指称关系；参考referencebooks参考书Shemadenoreferencetoheri11nessbuton1ytoherfuturep1ans.她没有提到她的病，只说了她未来的计划。Iwrotedownthenameofthehote1forfuturereference.我记下了这家酒店的名字，以后也许用得着。Therearesevera1referen
9、cebookstohe1pyoumakeyourchoice.有几本参考书帮你作出选择。5. SyStem/s工Stam/n.体系；系统破拆法：sy(死要)+(Stem主干)助记：既然身在系统里，死也要跟随主干。THECHINESEWRITINGSYSTEM:CONNECTINGTHEPASTANDTHEPRESENT汉语书写系统：连接过去和现在so1arsystem太阳系atransportsystem运输系统educationa1system教育体制ecosystem生态系统Peop1ethinkthattherearemanyshortcomingsinoureducationa1SyS
10、tem.人们认为我们的教育制度有很多缺陷Theg1oba1warmingwi11sure1yinf1uencetheecosystem.全球变暖一定会影响生态系统。Asthepub1ictransportsystemcantsatisfypeop1esneeds,manypeop1eturntoprivatecars.因为公共交通系统不能满足人们的需求，许多人转向了私家车。6. civi1izationsva1aizeinn.文明；文明世界词群：citizenm市民civi1izevt.使文明Chinaiswide1yknownforitsancientcivi1izationwhichhas
11、continueda11thewaythroughintomodemtimes,despitethemanyupsanddownsinitshistory.中国以其古老的文明而闻名，它一直延续到现代，尽管在历史上有许多起起伏伏。Athens,thecapita1ofGreece,isknownasthebirthp1aceofwesterncivi1ization.雅典是希腊的首都，作为西方文明的发源地而文明。TheYangtzeisoneofthemotherriversofChinesecivi1ization.长江是中华文明的母亲河之一。civi1izeS工VaIa1Z/vt.使文明；教
12、化；启发Know1edgecancivi1izepeop1e.知识能够使人有教养。Thewi1dchi1dfoundintheforestwasgradua11ycivi1ized在森林里发现的野孩子逐渐被教化了。civi1ized,siVaIa1zdadj.文明的；有教养的Aunifiedwritingsystemisconsideredtobeanimportantpartofcivi1izedsociety.统一的书写系统被认为是文明的重要组成部分。Manyvo1unteersarep1ayinganactivepartinmakingJinanacivi1izedcity.许多志愿者正
13、为济南建设文明城市发挥积极作用。Hewasverykindandcivi1ized.他非常和蔼可亲，十分有教养。7. despitedSPa工t/prep.即使；尽管词根词缀：de(远离)+spite(specia1):不管特别的情况一不管，尽管，即使despitethemanyupsanddownsinitshistory尽管在历史上有许多起起伏伏Despitea11thesedifferences,1ifesty1echangesmaybeaffectingFrencheatinghabits.尽管有这些差异，生活方式变化可能在影响法国的饮食习惯。Despiteapp1yingforhun
14、dredsofjobs,heissti11outofwork.尽管他申请了数百个工作，但仍然在失业中。Shewasgdatphysicsdespitethefactthatshefounditboring.尽管她认为物理枯燥无味，她却学得很好。inspiteOBdeSPite+doing可以转换成though/a1though引导的从句Hea1waysdidwe11atschoo1despite/inspiteofdoingpart-timejobseverynowandthen.=Hea1waysdidwe11atschoo1a1though/thoughhedidpart-timejobs
15、everynowandthen.尽管偶尔做兼职，他在学校总是学习成绩很好。8. upsanddowns浮沉；兴衰；荣辱When1ifegetshardandyouwanttogiveup,rememberthat1ifeisfu11ofupsanddowns,andwithoutthedowns,theupswou1dmeannothing.当生活很艰难，你想要放弃的时候，请记住，生活充满了起起落落，如果没有低谷，那站在高处也失去了意义。There1ationshipbetweenChinaandAmericahasseenupsanddownsinthepastfiftyyears.在过去的50年里，中美两国关系跌宕起伏.upagainst面对，面临Rememberthatyouwi11beupagainstamoreexperiencedp1ayer.upintheair悬而未决Ourtrave1p1anisupintheairduetotherai1wayworkersstrike.UP短语uptotime；隹时，按时Becauseofbadweather,thetrainsw
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