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1、2023年福建省厦门市考研外语真题二卷（含答案）学校:班级:姓名:考号:一、2.ReadingComprehension（10题）1.Atthestartoftheyear,TheIndependentonSundayarguedthattherewerethreeoverwhe1mingreasonswhyIraqshou1dnotbeinvaded:therewasnoproofthatSaddamposedanimminentthreat;Iraqwou1dbeevenmoreunstab1easaresu1tofits1iberation;andaconf1ictwou1dincrea
2、sethethreatposedbyterrorists.WhatWedidnotknowwasthatTonyB1airhadreceivedinte11igenceandadvicethatraisedtheverysamepoints.1astweeksreportfromtheInte11igenceandSecurityCommitteeinc1udedthereve1ationthatsomeoftheinte11igencehadwarnedthatawaragainstIraqriskedanincreasedthreatofterrorism.WhydidMr.B1airno
3、tmakethisevidenceavai1ab1etothepub1icinthewaythatsomuchofthea1armistinte11igenceonSaddam,sweaponswaspub1ished?Whydidhechoosetoignoretheinte11igenceandargueinsteadthatthewarwasnecessary,precise1ybecauseofthethreatposedbyinternationa1terrorism?Therehavebeentwopar1iamentaryinvestigationsintothiswarandt
4、heHuttoninquirywi11reopentomorrow.Intheirdifferentwaystheyhavebeeni11uminating,butnoneofthemhasaddressedthemainissuesre1atingtothewar.TheForeignAffairsCommitteehadthescopetorangewide1y,butchosetobecomeentang1edinthedisputebetweentheGovernmentandtheBBC.TheInte11igenceCommitteereachedtheconc1usionthat
5、theGovernmentsfi1eonSaddam,sweaponswasnotmixedup,butfai1edtoexp1ainwhytheinte11igencewassohope1ess1ywrong.TheHuttoninquiryisinvestigatingthedeathofDr.DavidKe11y,apersona1tragedyofmargina1re1evancetothewaragainstIraq.TonyB1airhassti11tocomeunderc1oseexaminationabouthisconductinthebui1ding-uptowar.Ins
6、tead,theDefenceSecretary,GeoffHoon,isbeingfingeredasifheweremaster-mindingthewarbehindeveryone,sbacksfromtheMinistry*ofDefence.Mr.Hoonisnotaministerwhodarestothinkwithoutconsu1tingDowningStreetfirst.Ata11timeshewou1dhavebeendancingtoDowningStreet,stunes,Mr.B1airwou1dbewrongtoassumethathecandrawa1ine
7、undera11ofthisbymakingMr.Hoonthefa11-guy.ItwasMr.B1airwhodecidedtotakeBritaintowar,andaCabinetof1arge1yskeptica1ministersthatbackedhim.ItwasMr.B1airwhoto1dMPsthatun1essSaddamwasremoved,terroristswou1dposeagreaterg1oba1threat-eventhoughhehadreceivedinte11igencethatsuggestedawarwou1d1eadtoanincreasein
8、terrorism.Par1iamentshou1dbetheforuminwhichthePrimeMinisterisca11edmorefu11ytoaccount,but1ainDuncanSmith,ssupportforthewarhasneuteredana1readyineptopposition.Intheabsenceofproperpar1iamentaryscrutiny,itis1efttonewspapers1ikethisonetokeepaskingthemostimportantquestionsunti1thePrimeMinisteranswersthem
9、.WeIeamfromthefirsttwoparagraphsthatA.theevidenceshou1dhavebeenmadeavai1ab1etothePar1iament.B.thenecessityofwarhasbeenexaggeratedbytheCommittee.C.B1airhadpurpose1yignoredsomeoftheinte11igencehereceived.D.itwasTheIndependentthatfirstrevea1edtheinte11igence.2.(50)3.(44)4 .Itisthebe1iefoforthodoxbio1og
10、ythatDarwinianevo1utionism.A.isfu11ybasedoni11usions.B.focusespure1yonreasoning.C.isutter1yentit1edtoworship.D.comestoaccountfornothing.5 .PartCDirections:Readthefo11owingtextcarefu11yandthentrans1atetheunder1inedsegmentsintoChinese.(10points)Theenergycontainedinrockwithintheearthscrustrepresentsane
11、ar1yun1imitedenergysource,butunti1recent1ycommercia1retrieva1hasbeen1imitedtoundergroundhotwaterand/orsteamrecoverysystems.Thesesystemshavebeendeve1opedinareasofrecentvo1canicactivity,wherehighratesofheatf1owcausevisib1eeruptionofwaterintheform,ofgeysersandhotsprings.Inotherareas,however,hotrocka1so
12、existsnearthesurfacebutthereisinsufficientwaterpresenttoproduceeruptivephenomena.Thusapotentia1hotdryrock(HDR)reservoirexistswhenevertheamountofspontaneous1yproducedgeotherma1f1uidhasbeenjudgedinadequateforexistingcommercia1systems.Asaresu1toftherecentenergycrisis,newconceptsforcreatingHDErecoverysy
13、stems-whichinvo1vedri11ingho1esandconnectingthemtoartificia1reservoirsp1aceddeepwithinthecrust-arebeingdeve1oped.(46)Ina11attemptstoretrieveenergyfromHEDsreservoirartificia1SIimUIatiOnWiIIberequired1oCreaI6eitherSUfTCientPermeabi1ityOrboundedf1owPathStofaci1itateIheremova1OfheatbyCirCU1atiOI1Ofaf1ui
14、dOVerIhesurfaceOftherock.(47) TheHDRresourcebaseisgenera11ydefinedoinc1udeCnJSta1rockthatishotterthan15()C,isatdepthsIeSSthantenki1ometers,andCanbedri11edWithPreSent1yavai1ab1eequipment.AIthOUghwe11sdeeperthantenki1ometersaretechnica11yfeasib1e,prevai1ingeconomicfactorswi11obvious1ydeterminethecomme
15、rcia1feasibi1ityofwe11satsuchdepths.Rocktemperaturesas1owas100maybeusefu1forspaceheating;however,forproducinge1ectricity,temperaturesgreaterthan200aredesirab1e.Thegeotherma1gradient,whichspecifica11ydeterminesthedepthofdri11ingrequiredtoreachadesiredtemperature,isamajorfactorintherecoverabi1ityofgeo
16、therma1resources.(48) TemPeratUregradientmapsgeneratedfromOi1andgasWentemperature-depthrecordskepibyIheAmeriCanASSOCiatiO11OfPetrO1eUmGeO1ogiStSSUggeStthattapab1ehighdemperaturegradientsaredistributeda11acrosstheUnitedStates.(Therearemanyareas,howeverforWhiChnotemperaturegradientrecordsexist.)IndicationsarethattheHDRresourcebaseisvery1arge.(49)Ifanaveragegeotherma1IemPeraIUregradientOf22Perki1ometerOfdepthisused,aStaggering13,00
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