供应链管理.docx

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1、Chapter 3Supply Chain Drivers and ObstaclesTrue/False1. The major drivers of supply chain performance are customers, facilities, inventory,transportation, and information.Answer: FalseDifficulty: Moderate2. The two major types of facilities are production sites and storage sites.Answer: TrueDifficul

2、ty: Moderate3. Inventory is an important supply chain driver because changing inventory policiescan dramatically alter the supply chain,s efficiency and responsiveness.Answer: TrueDifficulty: Moderate4. Information is potentially the biggest driver of performance in the supply chain asit directly af

3、fects each of the other drivers.Answer: TrueDifficulty: Easy5. A facility with little excess capacity will likely be no more or less efficient per unitof product it produces than one with a lot of unused capacity.Answer: FalseDifficulty: Easy6. The high utilization facility will have no more difficu

4、lty responding to demandfluctuations than one with a lot of unused capacity.Answer: FalseDifficulty: Easy7. Warehouse unit storage is the warehousing methodology that uses a traditionalwarehouse to store all of one type of product together.Answer: FalseDifficulty: Moderate8. The components of invent

5、ory decisions include capacity, cycle inventory, safetyinventory, seasonal inventory, and sourcing.Answer: FalseDifficulty: Easy9. Cycle inventory is inventory that is built up to counter predictable variability indemand.Answer: FalseDifficulty: Easy10. Seasonal inventory is inventory that is built

6、up to counter predictable variability indemand.Answer: TrueDifficulty: Moderate11. A companys ability to find a balance between responsiveness and efficiency thatbest matches the needs of the customer it is targeting is the key to achievingstrategic fit.Answer: TrueDifficulty: Moderate12. Many obsta

7、cles, such as growing product variety and shorter life cycles, havemade it increasingly difficult for supply chains to achieve strategic fit.Answer: TrueDifficulty: ModerateEssaProblems1. List and define the four major drivers of supply chain performance.Answer. Facilities are the places in the supp

8、ly chain network where product isstored, assembled, or fabricated. The two major types of facilities are productionsites and storage sites.Inventory is all raw materials, work in process, and finished goods within a supplychain. Inventory is an important supply chain driver because changing inventor

9、ypolicies can dramatically alter the supply chain,s efficiency and responsiveness.Transportation entails moving inventory from point to point in the supply chain.Transportation can take the form of many combinations of modes and routes.Information consists of data and analysis concerning facilities,

10、 inventory,transportation, and customers throughout the supply chain. Information ispotentially the biggest driver of performance in the supply chain as it directlyaffects each of the other drivers.Difficulty: Moderate答：设施的地方是在供应链网络，产品是存储，组装，或制成的。双方主要设施类型网站制作和网站。库存原材料，在制品和成品，在供应链。库存是个重要的供应链的司机由于转变库存

11、策略可以大大转变了供应链的效率和响应。运输需要移动库存点对点在供应链。运输的形式可以多种组合方式和途径。信息包括数据和分析有关设施，库存，运输，和全国各地客户的供应链。信息是潜在的最大驱动的供应链绩效将直接影响到其他每个司机。难度：中等2. Explain the basic trade-off between responsiveness and efficiency for each of themajor drivers of supply chain performance.Answer: The fundamental trade-off when making facilities

12、 decisions is betweenthe cost of the number, location, and type of facilities (efficiency) and the level ofresponsiveness that these facilities provide the company,s customers.The fundamental trade-off when making inventory decisions is betweenresponsiveness and efficiency. Increasing inventory will

13、 generally make thesupply chain more responsive to the customer. This choice, however, comes at acost as the added inventory decreases efficiency. Therefore, a supply chainmanager can use inventory as one of the drivers for reaching the level ofresponsiveness and efficiency the competitive strategy

14、targets.The fundamental trade-off for transportation is between the cost of transporting agiven product (efficiency) and the speed with which that product is transported(responsiveness). The transportation choice influences other drivers such asinventory and facilities. When supply chain managers th

15、ink about makingtransportation decisions, they frame the decision in terms of this trade-off.Good information systems can help a firm improve both its responsiveness andefficiency. The information driver is used to improve the performance of otherdrivers and the use of information is based on the st

16、rategic position the otherdrivers support. Accurate information can help a firm improve efficiency bydecreasing inventory and transportation costs. Accurate information can improveresponsiveness by helping a supply chain better match supply and demand.Difficulty: Moderate答：基本权衡当设施决策成本之间的数量，位置，和类型的设施(效率)