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1、Unit4Natura1Disasters2023-2024学年高一英语人教版(2019)必修第一册期末复习敲重点学习目标整合11earnsomenewwordsandexpressions2haveafurtherunderstandingoftheunit3Ieamandmasterattributivec1ause思维导图回顾知识用法丹IaR酎性定说从号时.宜常与such.as.thesamffit即构罐SUCK.as.thesam.as,aso.asi99的CB旬8同时5E从句中充当一定的句下分“hnm代主M.示时间的i%作时网Mie“he擢代主句中示他点的读.ft地点快语“hy代主旬
2、中示作.国网I先行国有丽诵MiRm时先行曲ImriM懂时先行词St有人又有税时特殊情况关界代谓在定ifi从旬中忤遢时7f9QaM.much,few.1itt1e,everything,anythingnothin,none等不定Z,或访定代iW由%tiB*Wttvery,thon1y,the1ast,thesame4f1H先行诲为2时RfBwhich不Vf1taQ关小代iW介咖引辱性定通从句时重难知识易混易错定语从句一、定义1 .在主从复合句中,对某一名词或代词起修饰作用的从句叫定语从句。被修饰的名词或代词叫先行词,引导定语从句的词叫关系词。2 .关系词分为关系代词(that,which,wh
3、o,whom,whose,as等)和关系副词(When,where,why等)两类。二、关系代词引导的定语从句1. WhO引导的定语从句Thechi1drenwhowereinjuredinthecaraccidentarebeingtreatedinthehospita1now.目前,在车祸中受伤的孩子们正在医院接受治疗。Dannywasthemanwhowerescuedfromtheruins.丹尼是我们从废墟中救出来的那个人。WhO指人,在定语从句中可以充当主语、宾语。2. whom引导的定语从句Roseistheperson(who/whom)youshou1dcareabout.罗
4、丝是你应该关心的人。Theboy(whom)theteacheroftenpraisesistheirmonitor.老师经常表扬的那个男孩是他们的班长。WhOm指人,在定语从句中作宾语,可省略,也可用WhO代替。3. whose引导的定语从句Iknowthepersonwhosehousewasdestroyedintheearthquake.我认识那个人,他的房子在地震中被摧毁了。He1ivesinaroomwhosewindowfacesnorth.他住在一个窗子朝北的房间里。WhOSe既可以指人,也可以指物,表示“所属”关系,WhOSe在定语从句中作定语。4. which引导的定语从句
5、Theyoungmanwasveryhappytogetbackthego1dring(which)hehad1ostonthetrain.那个年轻人领回了在火车上丢失的金戒指,非常高兴。The1itt1egir1ishavinganapp1ewhichisbigandred.小女孩正在吃一个又大又红的苹果。WhiCh指物,在定语从句中作主语、宾语,作宾语时可省略。5. that引导的定语从句Thenumberofpeop1ethat/whocometovisitthiscityeachyearreachesonemi11ion.每年来参观这座城市的人数达100万。(that指人,作主语)Th
6、esuitcasethat/which1iesonthegroundishers.地上放的那个手提箱是她的。(that指物,作主语)that既可指人,也可指物,在定语从句中作主语、宾语或表语,作宾语时可以省略。习惯上指人多用who/whom替代,指物多用which替代。注意:(1)关系代词指代先行词在定语从句中充当主语、宾语、定语或表语,因此定语从句中不能再出现关系代词所替代的名词或代词。(2)关系代词在从句中作主语时不能省略,作宾语时可以省略。练习:1 .Acompanyprofitsfromhomemarketsaredec1iningmayseekopportunitiesabroad.
7、2 .HewastheonefirstputdownthestoriesoftheCe1ticstoryte11ers.3.1refusetoaccepttheb1ameforsomethingwassomeonee1se,sfau1t.4.OnthetrainIsawastudentIthoughtwasyoursister.5.Wea111ikethewriterbooksareverypopu1aramongteenagers.6.Edisonbui1tupafactoryproducedthingsthathadneverbeenseenbefore.7.Ontheedgeofthej
8、acket,thereisapieceofc1othgivesoff1ightinthedark.8.A11membershavegottheticketsareadmittedtothetheatre.9.Onsocia1mediasites,peop1etendtoposton1ygoodupdateswi11makethemappearhappyandfriend1y.10.Thepassengersandthesuitcaseswereinthewaitingroomhadtowaitforanotherp1ane.答案:1 .答案:whose解析:考查定语从句。句意:如果一家公司在国
9、内市场的利润正在下降,它可能会在国外寻找机会。此处是定语从句,先行词是Acompany,与从句主语profitsfromhomemarkets形成所属关系,即Acompany,sprofitsfromhomemarkets0,作定语,用关系代词whoseo故填whoseo2 .答案:who/that解析:考查定语从句。句意:他是首位将凯尔特说书人讲的故事记载下来的人。分析句子结构可知,空处引导定语从句并在从句中作主语,先行词为theone,指人。故填who/thato3 .答案:that解析:句意:我拒绝为别人的过错承担责任。wassomeonee1se,sfau1t是限制性定语从句,先行词是
10、不定代词Something,在从句中作主语,应用关系代词that引导。故填that。4 .答案:who/that解析:考查定语从句。句意:在火车上,我看见一个我认为是你姐姐的学生。此处先行词是student,Ithought为插入语,who/that作主语。故填who/thato5 .答案:whose解析:考查定语从句。句意:我们都喜欢这位作家,他的书很受青少年喜欢。分析句子结构可知,空处引导定语从句,且在从句中作books的定语,表示“谁的“,应用关系代词whose引导。故填whoseo6 .答案:which解析:考查定语从句。句意:爱迪生建立了一家工厂,生产以前从未见过的东西。分析句子可知
11、,producedthingsthathadneverbeenseenbefore.”是限制性定语从句,修饰先行词factory,指物,先行词在定语从句中作主语,应用关系代词WhiCh或that引导该定语从句,又因在同一个句子里,若有两个定语从句,其中一个关系词不宜重复使用,由于本句第二个定语从句用that引导的,因此此处应使用关系代词Whicho故填whicho7 .答案:that/which解析:考查定语从句。句意:在衣服的边缘有一块布,它能在黑暗中发光。这是个限制性定语从句,先行词是c1oth,指物,在从句中作主语,因此,可以用that或which引导。故填that/whicho8 .答
12、案:that/who解析:考查定语从句。句意:所有有票的会员,可以进入剧院。分析句子可知,空处引导定语从句,修饰先行词members,指人,在从句中作主语,所以可用that或who来引导定语从句。故填that或Who。9 .答案:which/that解析:考查定语从句。句意:在社交媒体网站上,人们倾向于只发布让自己看起来快乐友好的积极消息。分析句子可知,空处引导定语从句,先行词是gdupdates,指物,关系词在从句中作主语,可用WhiCh或that引导。故填WhiCh/that,10.答案:that解析:考查定语从句。句意:候机室里的乘客和行李都得等下一架飞机。Thepassengersan
13、dthesuitcases为先行词,后接限定性定语从句,且先行词在定语从句中作主语,先行词又有人又有物时,关系代词只用that。故填that。核心素养对接高考1 .Myfami1yandIneverta1kedaboutschoo1asthetickettoafuture.Iwasinthec1assrooms,butIwasn,tthereto1earntowrite,readorevenspeak.Whenitwasmyturntoread,Iwantedtohide.Iwas13yearso1d,butItended(hate)beingwhoIwas.IhadanEng1ishteac
14、herwhotooksomuch(responsib1e)forhisjob,Mr.Creech.HeknewIcou1dn,tread.Inoneofmyfirst1essonstheteachersaidthatanyonehadareadingagebe1owsixhadtostandup.Nervous1y,Istoodup.AtthattimeIhadsomedoubtwhetherIcou1dkeepupwiththeotherstudents.1aterthatday,Mr.Creechencouragedmeandpromisedhewou1dtryhisbestto(regu
15、1ar)he1pme1earntoread,Fromthenon,Inevergaveuppracticingreading.Ibecamemoreandmore(confidence).NowIwas41yearso1dandmy(occupy)wasanauthor,Oneday,1saidtomywife,nAccordingtomyschedu1e,Imustf1ybacktoTexastoorganizeameetingtomorrow,Shenoddedandsaid,nOurson(return)hometomorrowmorningandIshou1dtakeadvantagetheopportunitytobuysomethingniceforhimtoeat,Onmywayfromtheairport,itwasso(amaze)toseeMr.Creechbuyinghimse1fadrink,Irushedoverandreachedintomypockettopayforhim,DoIknowyou?nheaskedatthesightofme.Yes,sir,youdoknowme,nIansweredexcited1y,n