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1、Unit3FascinatingParks2023-2024学年高二英语人教版(2019)选择性必修第一册期末复习敲重点学习目标整合11earnsomenewwordsandexpressions2haveafurtherunderstandingoftheunit3Ieamandmastergerund思维导图回顾知识ItbeWorthMOrthWhigdO1ng-做题醐重难知识易混易错动词-ing形式作主语1.动名词的形式动名词的各种形式见下表:二语态时态SWwrite不及物动词2O主动语态被动语态主动语态一般式writingbeingwrittengoing完成式havingwritte
2、nhavingbeenwrittenhavinggone动名词仍保留着动词的许多特征,可以有自己的逻辑主语、宾语、状语。动名词连同其后的宾语或状语,一起构成了动名词短语。同时动名词短语又具有名词的特性,可以在句中充当主语、宾语、定语、表语等成分。(1)一般式动名词的一般式所表示的动作或状态与谓语动词所表示的动作或状态同时发生或发生在谓语动词之后。Mydaughterenjoysp1ayingvideogames.我的女儿喜欢玩电子游戏。(2)完成式动名词的完成式所表示的动作发生在谓语动词所表示的动作之前。Havingevertrave11edtothatbeautifu1cityhasmade
3、himwanttotrave1thereagain.曾经去那座美丽的城市旅游使他想再次去那儿旅行。(3)完成进行式动名词的完成进行式表示其动作在谓语动词之前已经开始,一直持续到谓语动词发生时为止,且有可能仍在继续。Forgivemeformyhavingbeentroub1ingyou.原谅我直在打扰你。(4)否定式其否定式是在其前加HOtomsorryfornotfinishingmytaskontime.抱歉我没按时完成我的任务。(5)被动式BeingaskedsomuchhomeworkmadehimUnhaPPy.被要求(完成)这么多家庭作业使他不高兴。2.动名词作主语动名词作主语时,
4、多表示经常性、习惯性的动作。单个动名词短语作主语时,谓语动词用单数。Trave1inga1otisagoodwaytohe1ppeop1ebecomeknow1edgeab1e.经常旅行是帮助人们变得知识渊博的好方法。He1pingothersmeanshe1pingourse1ves.帮助别人意味着帮助我们自己。1.1 t作形式主语it作形式主语,真正的主语是后面的动名词,主要用于下列句型中:Itbenouse/use1essdoing.做无用oItbenogood/p1easure/fundoing.无好处/乐趣。Itbeawasteoftimedoing.做浪费时间。Itbeworth/
5、worthwhi1edoing.做是值得的。Itisnousecryingwhenyouhavemadeamistake.犯了错误哭泣是无用的。Itisnogoodmakingfriendswiththoseaddictedtop1ayingvideogames.和那些沉迷于玩电子游戏的人交朋友没好处。4 .动名词的复合结构动名词的复合结构由“名词所有格或形容词性物主代词+动名词”构成,名词所有格或形容词性物主代词是动名词的逻辑主语。动名词的复合结构在句中可作主语或宾语。Tom,scomingmademehappy.汤姆的到来使我很高兴。Hiscomingmademehappy.他的至IJ来让
6、我很高兴。5 .动名词与不定式作主语的区别动名词作主语,表示比较抽象的一般行为,不定式作主语表示具体的或一次性的动作。Singingismyhobby,andtosingonTVismydream.唱歌是我的爱好,在电视上唱歌是我的梦想。练习:1 .(1earn)tothinkcritica11yisanimportantski11thattoday*schi1drenwi11needinthefuture.2 .(attempt)totransformhischaracterisawasteoftimeandenergy.3 .(1ie)toothersistocheatyourse1f.N
7、everdoit.4 .(Drink)toomuchcoffeeisbadforyours1eep.5 .(prohibit)keepingdogsinthecommunityisabsurd.6 .(take)awa1keverydayhe1psuskeephea1thy.7 .(do)Somejogginginthemorningwi11dogoodtoyourhea1th.8 .(join)c1ubswasagreatwaytomeetBritishstudentsandmakefriendswiththem.9 .Abovea11,Ihavecometounderstandthat(b
8、ring)de1ighttoothersisgettingourse1veshappiness.10 .Manypeop1eagreethat(go)toamuseumisagoodwayof1earningaboutthepageantofancientevents.答案:1 .答案:1earning解析:句意:学习批判性思维是当今儿童在未来会需要的一项重要技能。分析句子结构可知,此处是动名词作主语。故填1earning。2 .答案:Attempting解析:考查非谓语动词。句意:试图改变他的性格是浪费时间和精力。分析句子,空处作句子主语,应用动名词形式作主语。故填Attemptingo3
9、.答案:1ying解析:考查动名词。句意:对别人撒谎就是欺骗自己。不要这样做。Iie说谎,动词,此处需用动名词作主语。故填1ying。4 .答案:Drinking解析:分析可知,此处为动名词短语作主语,所填词位于句首,首字母应大写。故填Drinkingo5 .答案:Prohibiting解析:考查动名词。句意:禁止在社区养狗是荒谬的。分析句子结构可知禁止养狗在句中作主语,主语应该用动名词,动词PrOhibit意为“禁止”,动名词形式是PrOhibiting,在句首应该大写首字母。故填Prohibiting。6 .答案:Taking解析:考查动名词。句意:每天散步有助于我们保持健康。分析句子可知
10、,此处作主语,故用动名词形式(表示一般性的行为),且首字母大写。故填Taking。7 .答案:Doing解析:句中缺少主语,用动名词短语Doingsomejogginginthemorning作主语。故填Doingo8 .答案:Joining解析:考查动名词。根据语境可知,这里需要用动名词做主语。故填Joining。9 .答案:bringing解析:句意:最重要的是,我已经逐渐明白了给别人带来快乐就是给我们自己带来快乐。根据句子结构可知,that引导的宾语从句也应用动名词短语作主语。故填bringingo10 .答案:going解析:句意:许多人都认同去博物馆是了解古代事件的盛大场面的一个好方
11、法。根据句子结构可知,宾语从句中,动名词短语作主语,表示陈述一件事情。故填goingo核心素养对接高考1. ScientistsattheUniversityof1iverpoo1(U1)havedeve1opedarobotthatcanrunexperimentsonitsown.It,snotnewfor1abstouserobots.Butear1ierrobotsusua11ystayedinonep1aceand(do)onejoboverandoveragain.TheU1robotisdifferent.It,sab1eto(easy)movearoundinthesameki
12、ndofspaceashumansdo.Itusesaspecia1systemca11ed1IDARtoguide(it).Withone1ongarmwhichcanturnina1mostanydirection,therobotcanusesevera1differentkindsof1abequipmentandcarryoutvarietyoftasks.Thescientistssaysittooka1otofwork(program)therobotsothatitcou1ddothingswithout(make)mistakes.Oncetheprogrammingisdo
13、ne,though,therobotmakes(few)mistakesthanahuman.Totesttheirrobot,thescientistsgaveitatask:findamateria1wasab1etoproducehydrogen(M)fromwater.Therobotwasprogrammedtounderstandthebasicmethodsfortheexperiment,butit(give)10differentthingsitcou1dchangewhichcou1dinf1uencetheresu1ts.Thatmeantthattherobotcou1
14、dchoosefromaround98mi11iondifferentmini-experiments.Overthenext8days,therobotran688experiments,a1wayschoosingitsnextexperimentbasedtheresu1tsofthe1astone.2. Nobody(1ike)to1ose,butwemustacceptthat1osingispartof1ife.Aftera11,wecan,twina11thetime.A1though1osingisunp1easant,itcanbeapositivething.Wecan1e
15、arnfromeveryfai1ure,whichmayhe1pussucceedinthefuture.Butfirstwemustknowtobeagood1oser.Foronething,weshou1dtakeapositiveattitudetowardsit.Wecanbeginbyrea1izingthat1osingissometimesunavoidab1e.Therefore,wedon,tneedtobe(embarrass).Wemustcorrectourmistakesandtryagain.isknowntoa11,practicemakesperfect.Ifwepractise(1ose)bycreatingcha11engesfor(we),wewi11neverbeafraidoffai1ure.Foranother,weshou1dbepo1itewhenwe1ose.Ifweofferourcongratu1ationstothewinnerandshareinhisorher(happy),ourdisappointmentwi11(definite)goaway.A11a11,beingagood1oser