高中英语语法真题精讲精练：形容词和副词总结.docx

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1、PART 1 考点剖析-形容词副词考点一：现在分词形容词化例1Another example is Halloween, which slowly become an _ (excite) festival for children.【答案】exciting【解析】考查形容词。句意：另一个例子是万圣节，它慢慢地成为孩子们一个激动人心的节日。空处应填形容词作定语，修饰名词festival，festival指物，应用exciting“令人激动的，令人兴奋的”。故填exciting。考点二：过去分词形容词化例2Dont drink_ (pollute) water，because it carrie

2、s some disease.【答案】polluted【解析】考查形容词。句意：不要喝被污染的水，因为它携带病毒。分析句子可知，句中“water”意为“水”，名词词性，前面应用形容词修饰，pollute意为“污染”，动词词性，对应的形容词为polluted，意为“被污染的”，在句中作定语修饰water。故填：polluted。考点三：名词派生为形容词例3Zheng He is remembered as one of Chinas most _ (influence) explorers.【答案】influential【解析】考查形容词。句意：郑和被誉为中国最有影响力的探险家之一。分析句子结构

3、，根据one of及most可知设空处考查形容词的最高级，应填形容词。故填influential。考点四：形容词的反义词例4Tom used to be an _ (confidence) boy, but he has changed a lot since he learned to make English speeches.【答案】unconfident【解析】考查形容词。句意：汤姆过去是个没有自信的男孩，但自从他学会了做英语演讲后，他改变了很多。根据句意和句子结构，此处表达“不自信的”，形容词修饰后面名词boy，作前置定语，unconfident不自信的，符合题意。故填unconfi

4、dent。形容词可以添加un-, in-, im-, il-, ir-, mis-, dis-,等前缀变为反义词。考点五：形容词派生为副词例5_ (thankful), I managed to get through the game and the pain was worth it in the end.【答案】Thankfully【解析】考查副词。句意：值得庆幸的是，我成功地通关了游戏，最后的痛苦都是值得的。修饰后文整个句子应用副词thankfully，作状语。句首单词首字母要大写。故填Thankfully。真题演练阅读下面句子，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。1.（

5、2023浙江1月卷）The term “hutong”,(original)meaning “water well” in Mongolian, appeared first during the Yuan Dynasty.1. originally【解析】考查副词。句意：胡同起初在蒙古语当中是“水井”的意思，首次出现在元朝。空格处修饰动词meaning需要填副词形式。故填originally。2.（2023浙江1月卷）The hutongs they formed were orderly, lined by(space)homes and walled gardens.2. spaciou

6、s【解析】考查形容词。句意：他们建立的胡同井然有序。宽大的房屋和有墙的花园成行排列。空格处需要填形容词作定语修饰空格后的名词homes。故填spacious。3.（2022新高考I卷）The GPNPs main goal is to improve connectivity between separate populationsand homes of giant pandas, and_(eventual)achieve a desired level of population in the wild.3. eventually。【解析】考查副词。句意：GPNP的主要目标是改善不同种群

7、和大熊猫家园之间的联系，最终达到理想的野生大熊猫数量水平。设空处后为动词achieve，设空处应用副词eventually作状语，修饰动词achieve。故填eventually。4.（2022新高考II卷）On the day of the accident, Mrs. Brown was at work and Eric was at home with his father. They both fell_ (sleep) while watching TV.4.asleep【解析】考查形容词。句意：他们俩看电视的时候都睡着了。根据句子结构可知，设空处应该填写形容词作表语。sleep为动

8、词，意为“睡觉”，其形容词为asleep。fall asleep为固定搭配，意为“熟睡的”，asleep符合句意。故填asleep。5.（2022新高考II卷）When he looked down, he_ (accidental ) slipped and fell over the edge.5.accidentally【解析】考查副词。句意：当他往下看时，不小心滑了一跤，从悬崖边上掉了下去。根据句子结构，设空处应该填写副词修饰动词slipped。accidental为形容词，意为“意外的，失误的”，其副词为accidentally，意为“意外地，失误地”，符合句意。故填accident

9、ally。6.（2022全国甲卷）Cao believes this will make the hiking trip even more_(meaning). The two of them collected more than 1,000 plastic bottles along the 40-day journey.6. meaningful【解析】考查形容词。句意：曹认为这将使这次徒步旅行更加有意义。此处是make复合结构，应用形容词meaningful，作宾语补足语。故填meaningful。7.（2022浙江1月卷）On a website called No Fly Cli

10、mate Sci, for example,_(rough)200 academics - many of them climate scientists havepromisedto fly as little as possible since the effort started two years ago.7. roughly【解析】考查副词。句意：例如，在一个叫“无飞行科学家”的网站上，自从两年前成立以来，大约有200个学者，他们中很多人承诺尽可能少飞行。此处修饰数字用副词roughly“粗略地大约”，故填roughly。8.（2022浙江卷）Blind people recogni

11、ze shapes with their_(exist) senses, in a way similar to that of sightedpeople, says Ella Striem-Amit, a Harvard scientist.8.existing【解析】考查形容词。句意：哈佛大学的科学家埃拉斯特里姆-阿米特(Ella Striem-Amit)说，盲人用他们现有的感官识别形状，在某种程度上与正常人相似。形容词existing作定语，修饰sense。故填existing。9.（2022浙江卷）Blind people recognize shapes with their ex

12、istingsenses, in a way similar to that of_(sight )people, says Ella Striem-Amit, a Harvard scientist.9. sighted【解析】考查形容词。句意：哈佛大学的科学家埃拉斯特里姆-阿米特(Ella Striem-Amit)说，盲人用他们现有的感官识别形状，在某种程度上与正常人相似。形容词sighted作定语修饰名词people，表示“能看见的、不盲的”。故填sighted。10.（2021新高考I卷）The hot spring at the foot of the mountain is som

13、ething you must try after the climb. It will_(undoubted) help you get refreshed!10. undoubtedly。【解析】考查副词。修饰动词help，用副词形式。11.（2022新高考I卷）Strange, isnt it? But thats how nature isalways leaving us_(astonish).11. astonished。【解析】考查形容词。此处说明“us”的状态，所以用astonished。12.（2021新高考II卷）I told him how_(harm) plastic

14、could be to the environment and asked him to consider using more eco-friendly options.12. harmful【解析】考查形容词。句意：我告诉他塑料对环境的危害，并请他考虑使用更环保的产品。该处为how引导的感叹句，how之后接形容词，所以填harmful。13.（2021新高考II卷）I was so_(excite) when he wrote back to me.He said he would make sure that the company cut its use of plastic stra

15、ws in half.13. excited【解析】考查形容词。句意：当他给我回信时，我很兴奋。该空作was之后的表语，用形容词，修饰人，用v+ed形式的形容词，所以填excited。14.（2021全国甲卷）Supposedly you can do it in two hours, but we stopped at the different gates and watchtowers to take pictures or just to watch the local people going about their _ (day) routines.14. daily【解析】句意：据说你可以在两个小时内完成，但我们在不同的大门和了望台停下来拍照，或者只是看当地人进行他们的日常生活。修饰后文名词routines应用day的形容词daily，作定语，修饰名词。故填daily。15.（2021全国乙卷）