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1、Value Stream Mapping (VSM)价值价值流程流程图图Whats Lean什么是精益生产什么是精益生产Lean is a philosophy where waste is identified continuously and eliminated passionately.Waste is any activity (or inactivity) that consumes resources for which the customer is not willing to pay.q Philosophyq Thinkingq Toolkitq Practiceq Jo
2、urneysq LifeNOT a programNot flavor Not a campaign3 Level of Lean精益生产的三个层次精益生产的三个层次Principles Of Lean精益生产精益生产5原则原则 Customer defines VALUE Identify the VALUE STREAM(and eliminate 8 wastes) Make value-creating steps FLOW Let customer PULL product from you as needed Pursue PERFECTION (empower people wh
3、o add value)Lean CapabilityTimeIdentify ValueMap The ValueCreate FlowEstablish PullPursue Perfection21345q Value Added增值Any activity that increases the market form or function of the product or service. (These are things the customer is willing to pay for.) 任何增加市场或产品和服务的功能或市场形式的活动(客户愿任何增加市场或产品和服务的功能
4、或市场形式的活动(客户愿意为此付费的活动)意为此付费的活动)q Non-Value Added Any activity that does not add market form or function or is not necessary. (These activities should be eliminated, simplified, reduced or integrated.) 任何不增加市场或产品和服务的功能(这些活动应当消除,简任何不增加市场或产品和服务的功能(这些活动应当消除,简化,减少或合并)化,减少或合并) Value Added vs. Non-Value Add
5、ed 增值与非增值的定义Value added or not价值增加或者没有? 设置设置 / 转拉转拉 移动移动/ 寻找寻找 组装组装 包装包装 仓库仓库 返工返工今天只有今天只有5%的活动增加了价值的活动增加了价值 接收接收 检查检查 库存库存 物料运输物料运输 数据登记数据登记 计算计算uWaste is anything that does not directly add value to the final product or contribute to the products transformation. 浪费是指对最终成品不直接增值或产品的转变不作贡献的任何东西。uWast
6、e only adds time and cost, no value. 浪费只增加时间和成本,不增加价值。uWaste is the reason that product flow stops and is the cause for non competitiveness. 生产流动的停止是造成浪费的原因,浪费是缺乏竞争性的根源。浪费是.What is waste什么是浪费What Types waste浪费分类 1型浪费:型浪费: 指的是一系列虽然不对外部顾客创造价值,可能对内部客 户创造价值,主要是因为目前的工艺及技 术水平或工艺需 要,还不能立即彻底消除的耗费资源的活动。 1型浪费
7、同样需要去减少和消除。 2型浪费:型浪费: 指的是可以通过改善,立即可以消除的浪费形态。浪费广 泛存在于现场之中,主要以7种典型的浪费形式存在,是我 们需要群策群力,去观察、发现并立即消除的对象。7 Functional Wastes of Lean精益思想中的七种功能性浪费DEFECTS7WastesWastesEXTRA PROCESSINGINVENTORYTRANSPORTATIONOVERPRODUCTIONMOTIONWAITINGUNUSED CREATIVITYNoway!Value Stream Definition价值流的定义A Value Stream Map (VSM)
8、 is a hand-drawn map that helps people to see and understand process, material and information flow through a production process or value stream, from start to finish.Why use it ? 为什么使用它 Value Stream Mapping is a Pencil and Paper tool that helps you see and understand the flow of Material and Inform
9、ation as a product makes its way through the value stream. and then use lean tools to eliminate waste 价值流程图是用价值流程图是用铅笔铅笔和和白纸白纸作为工具,帮助你去作为工具,帮助你去和和理解理解在整个产品在整个产品价值流中的物流和信息流然后利用精益工具,消除浪费。价值流中的物流和信息流然后利用精益工具,消除浪费。1.让所有与目标价值流有关的人对当前以及未来的状态形成共同看法。让所有与目标价值流有关的人对当前以及未来的状态形成共同看法。2.为便于交流,提供可视化图,提供共同语言。为便于交流,
10、提供可视化图,提供共同语言。3.使每个人都能看到浪费的现象,从而将大家的注意力都集中到改进使每个人都能看到浪费的现象,从而将大家的注意力都集中到改进生产上来。生产上来。4.帮助你看到不仅仅是单一的过程,将物流和信息流联系起来帮助你看到不仅仅是单一的过程,将物流和信息流联系起来5.为推进改善提供蓝图。为推进改善提供蓝图。6.将精益的概念和技术紧密结合起来将精益的概念和技术紧密结合起来What we mean by Value Stream Mapping is simple:我们所说的价值流图是很简单的:我们所说的价值流图是很简单的:1.Follow a products production
11、path from beginning to end (supplier to customer) . 产品的生产路线从开始到结束(供应商到客户)产品的生产路线从开始到结束(供应商到客户)2.Carefully Draw a visual representation of every process in the material and information flow. 过程导向,把物流和信息流和用一种直观可视的方法仔细的表过程导向,把物流和信息流和用一种直观可视的方法仔细的表现出来。现出来。3.Then ask a set of questions and draw (using Ic
12、ons) a “Future State” map of how value should flow. 然后问一系列问题,用图标画在指明价值流动的将来价值流图然后问一系列问题,用图标画在指明价值流动的将来价值流图Value Stream Mapping价值流图InformationLead Time Data BarManufacturing LoopSupplier LoopCustomer LoopMonthly Orders30 Days880Op 11 DayS/U = 1 hrCT = 1.6 minS/U = 0.08 hrCT = 0.9 minS/U = 0.08 hrCT =
13、 0.9 minS/U = 0.08 hrCT = 1.2 minTotal = 57 DaysTotal = 1 Hr. 44.9 Min.Takt Time = 440 min/44 = 10 min/unitBi-MonthlyMRPS/U = 0CT = 60 minS/U = 1.95 hrCT = 40.3 minSupplierCustomer451112251.60.90.9601.240.3Op 22 DaysOp 32 DaysOp 41 DayOp 55 DaysOp 61 Day45 DaysBlocks of Value Stream Map价值流图的5大板块VSM
14、Kaizen Steps价值流图改善的步骤Step1: Mapping Current VSM。 绘制当前价值流图 1. 1: Understand customer demand 理解客户的需求 1. 2: Process flow and data box 工序流数据箱 - Quick identify main process (in order) 迅速的识别主要的过程(按次序) - Fill in data boxes填写数据箱 1.3: Map the material flow 画出物料流及库存三角 - Draw inventory triangles库存三角- Delivery
15、to customer 产品投递给客户- Delivery from suppliers供应商投递原材料 1.4: Map the information flow 画出信息流- How do processes know what to make?怎么知道要做什么?- Where is material being pushed?哪儿推动物料? 1. 5: Calculate Total Product Cycle Time 计算产品生产周期Step 2:Discover kaizen opportunities, Burst point list. 寻找改善机会,绘制爆炸点Step 3:m
16、apping Future VSM,绘制将来价值流图 Step 4:Develop and follow action plan。 制定改善行动计划Current StateFuture State Action Plan(Kaizen Events) Sources for customer data客户数据的来源客户数据的来源 Plan for Every Part (PFEP)每个零件的计划每个零件的计划 Budgeted volumes预算的产量预算的产量 Production Control forecasts生产控制预测生产控制预测Analyze variation (daily, weekly, monthly)分析变化(每日,每周,每月)分析变化(每日,每周,每月) Production history 生产历史生产历史 Analyze variation (daily, weekly, monthly)分析变化(每日,每周,每月)分析变化(每日,每周,每月) Sales information databases销售信息数据库销售信息数据库 Product chang