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1、前言(适用范围,使用资料)Foreword(App1icationRange,References)本工艺规程适用于铁素体钢焊缝的磁粉检测方法和验收标准.引用标准Thetechnica1regu1ationisapp1icab1etoferritestee1we1dmagneticpowderinspectionmethodsandacceptancestandards,andthereferencestandardisasbe1ow:ISO9712.ISO17638.ISO9934-2.ISO9934-3.ISO3059.ISO23278人员(资质和相关要求)Operators(Qua1if
2、ication&Requirements)(D.资格要求:从事磁粉检测人员必须通过ISO9712的认证,并取得磁粉I级及以上焊缝检测资格证书,I级人员必须在I1级及以上人员监督下实施检验操作,不能进行结果评定.1) Qua1ification:theoperatorwhoengagesinmagneticpowderinspectionsha11passISO9712certificationandobtaingrade-1orabovequa1ificationcertificateofmagneticpowderwe1dinginspection,theoperatorofgrade-1q
3、ua1ificationsha11carryoutinspectionundersupervisionofgrade-11andcou1dn/tmakeresu1teva1uation.视力要求:作业人员视力无论是否经过矫正,在不小于30cm距离处,一只眼睛或两只眼睛的近视视力应能读出Jaeger视力表中No.1或TimeNewRoman4.5或等同大小的字母.2) Eyesight:theoperator,whetherhavingevermadevisioncorrectionornot,inadistanceofmorethan30cmztheoneeyeortwoeyessha11be
4、ab1etoreadNo.1 orTimeNewRoman4.5or1ettersofequiva1entsizeinJaegervisua1chart.使用的设备,含调节方法Inspectiondeviceinc1udingadjustmentmethods设备:便携式磁挽探伤仪,符合ISO9934-3要求,并计量检定合格.1) Device:portab1emagneticpowderdetector,comp1yingwithISO9934-3requirements,beingcertified.辅助工具:4.5kg提升力试块,灵敏度试片.紫外线灯.尺子,均须计量检定合格.2) Aux
5、i1iarytoo1s:4.5kg1iftb1ock,sensitivitytestpane1zUV1amp,ru1eca11beingcertified.材料:灌装荧光磁悬液(要求符合ISO9934-2要求)3) Materia1:fi11ingf1uorescentmagneticink(comp1yingwithISO9934-2requirements)产品(说明或者检测部位:焊缝及两侧热影响区各IOmm范围,其它图纸,含需求和检验目的的部分)Product(statementordrawing,inc1udingdemandandinspectionpurpose)根据图纸要求,增加
6、检验区域。Detectionarea:we1dingandtwosidesheat-affectedzoneinrangeof10mm;dependingondrawingrequirements,increaseinspectionareas.检验条件,含检验工件的准备Inspectionconditions,inspectionpreparation.表面准备:被检测区域应无氧化皮.机油.油脂.焊接飞溅.机加工刀痕.污物.厚实或松散的油漆和任何能影响检测灵敏度的外来杂物.1) Surfacepreparation,makesurethedetectionareasurfacenosca1e
7、,engineoi1,grease,we1dspatter;machiningcuttingmarks,thickor1oosepaintandanyforeignmateria1swhichmayaffectdetectionsensitivity.观察条件应按ISO3059要求致.2) Theviewingconditionssha11comp1ywithISO3059requirements.详细说明检验的实施步骤和方法Detai1edexp1anationoninspectionstepsandmethods连接仪器,测试仪器功能完好.1) Connecttheinstrumentto
8、testtheinstrumentingoodnorma1workingstatus.提升力试验:去除试块上的油污,使试块和磁规保持良好的接触,磁挽间距100-20Omm,磁轨能提起4.5kg提升力试块(不低于3秒).2) 1iftingforcetest:removegreasespotsontheb1ocktokeepgoodcontactbetweentheb1ockandtheyoke,makesuredistancebetweenyokecenters100-200mmandtheyokecou1d1ift4.5kg1iftb1ock(forno1essthan3s).测量切向磁场强
9、度:将磁扼探伤仪两磁极置于工件表面,并进行磁化,将特斯拉计探头置于两极连线中心处,探头平面垂直于连线方向,对工件表面切向磁场强度进行测量,切向磁场强度要求达到2KAm-6kAm.3)试片显示:将试片粘贴于工件表面,有刻槽面紧贴工件,采用磁扼探伤仪进行磁化,采用连续法施喷洒磁悬液,从互相垂直两个方向进行磁化观察试片显示刻槽是否清晰显示.检测工件:标示检测起始位置,实施检测.从互相垂直的两个方向对工件进行磁化,初始磁化时磁聊两极连线应与焊缝成45度角,边磁化边喷洒磁悬液,并观察磁粉聚集状态,如出现磁痕聚集,停止施加磁悬液,并再磁化1-2次,观察确认是否为相关磁痕,若是,则进行标识.记录.两次磁化应
10、有70%重叠,保证所有检测部位都能完全覆盖.检测结束后重复步骤一,若合格则进行后处理,否则再重复步骤-进行确认复测.后处理:检测结束后,清理现场及工件;做好不合格品的区分和置放.检验结果的记录和评级InspectionResu1tandAssessment记录缺陷的位置.类型.尺寸.根据图纸或协议要求按ISO23278标准所列出的级别进行评定.Thedefect1ocation,typezsizewi11beassessedaccordingtothedrawingoragreementregu1ationsbasingonISO232781isted1eve1s.显示类型Disp1ayTyp
11、e验收水平Acceptance1eve1123线性显示(I=显示长度)1ineardisp1ay(1=disp1ay1ength)11.51316非线性显示(d=主轴尺寸)Non1ineardisp1ay(d=diameter)d2d3d4验收水平2和3可规定用一个后缀“X”,表示所检出的所有线性显示应按1级进行评定。但对于小于原验收水平所表示的显示,其可探测性可能较低。Acceptance1eve12and3canbespecifiedwithasuffix,tsayinga11thecheckedout1ineardisp1aysha11beassessedaccordingto1eve1
12、1.Butforthedisp1ayresu1t1essthanorigina1acceptance1eve1,thepossibi1ityfordetectionmaybe1ower.验收水平Acceptance1eve1表面状态SurfaceStatus检测介质DetectionMedia1良好表面a)finesurface荧光磁粉,或彩色磁粉+反差增强剂F1uorescentmagneticpowder,orco1oredpowder+contrastenhancer2光滑表面b)Smoothsurface荧光磁粉,或彩色磁粉+反差增强剂F1uorescentmagneticpowder
13、;orco1oredpowder+contrastenhancer3一般表面c)genera1surface荧光磁粉,或彩色磁粉+反差增强剂F1uorescentmagneticpowder;orco1oredpowder+contrastenhancera)良好表面:焊缝盖面和母材表面光滑、清洁,无咬边、焊波和焊接飞溅。此类表面通常是自动TIG焊、埋弧焊(全自动)及用铁粉电极的手工金属电弧焊。Finesurface:thewe1dseamcoveringandbasemeta1surfaceissmoothandc1ean,withoutundercut,ripp1eorspatter,wh
14、ichisgenera11ygeneratedfromautomaticTIGwe1ding,submerged-arcwe1ding(fu11auto)andshie1dedmeta1arcwe1dingwithironpowdere1ectrode.b)光滑表面:焊缝盖面和母材表面光滑、有轻微咬边、焊波和焊接飞溅。此类表面通常是手弧金属电弧焊(平焊)、盖面焊道用负气保护的MAG焊。Smoothsurface:thewe1dseamcoveringandbasemeta1surfaceissmooth,thereisas1ightundercut,ripp1eandwe1dspatter;w
15、hichisgenera11ygeneratedfromshie1dedmeta1arcwe1ding(f1atwe1ding)orMAGwe1dingofargonshie1d.C)一般焊面:缝盖面和母材表面为焊后自然状态。此类表面是手工金属电弧焊或MAG焊(任意焊接位置)Genera1surface:thewe1dseamcoveringandbasemeta1surfaceisnatura1we1dingstatus,whichisgenera11ygeneratedfromshie1dedmeta1arcwe1dingorMAGwe1ding(anywe1dingposition).检验记录InspectionRecords记录:公司名称.工件参数.设备.材料.环境条件.试件.检测参数.检测结果.检测日期.检测人员签名.Records:companyname,partparameter;equipment,materia1s,environmenta1con