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1、胃镜喉罩联合低剂量瑞芬太尼全麻在内镜逆行胰胆管造影中的应用张成炬1张建平马保新郑辉利2厦门大学附属中山医院麻醉科摘要目的:观察胃镜喉罩联合低剂量瑞芬太尼全麻在内镜逆行胰胆管造影(ERCP)中的可行性和安全性。方法:拟行ercp患者80例,随机均分为对照组和观察组,对照组在静脉全麻下手术,观察组在胃镜喉罩联合瑞芬太尼全麻下手术。并记录两组患者进镜前(t)、内镜通过咽喉后(t1)、进入或切开OddiS括约肌(t2)、术毕(t3)时的平均动脉压(InaP)、心率(hr);观察围麻醉期不良反应(、清醒时间、手术时间及手术医生的满意度。结果:观察组和对照组两组患者分别在t1时的map(98.114.5)
2、mmHgvs(106.817.2)mmHg%hr(83.5+14.1)次minvs(92.614.6)次min,t2时的map(100.813.9)mmHgvs(111.316.3)mmHghr(79.714.6)Cminvs(93.314.9)次min,t3时的map(99.815.2)mmHgvs(109.415.7)mmHghr(78.215.1)次minvs(91815.1)次min相对比,观察组明显低于对照组,差异具有统计学意义(P0.05);对照组和观察组两组患者49.111.5minvs(42.312.6)5.61.5vs(3514)min相比较观察组手术时间较短,与9.51.5
3、8.01.9)分,差异有统计学意义结论:胃镜喉罩联合低剂量瑞芬太尼全麻可安全在内镜逆行胰胆管造影中应用,麻醉效果显著,值得推广,关键词:胃镜喉罩;瑞芬太尼;低剂量;内镜逆行胰胆管造影App1icationofgastroscopic1aryngea1MaskAirwaycombinedwith1ow-doseremifentani1genera1anesthesiainpatientsundergoingendoscopicretrogradecho1angiopancreatographyZHANGCheng-ju1,ZHANGJian-ping,MABao-in,ZHENGHui-1i2D
4、epartmentofanesthesio1ogy,ZhongshanHospita1Affi1iatedtoXiamenUniversityAbstractObjectiverToobservethefeasibi1ityandsafetyofendoscopicretrogradecho1angiopancreatography(ercp)withgastroscopic1aryngea1MaskAirwaycombinedwith1ow-doseremifentani1genera1anesthesiainds:80patientswithercpwererandom1ydividedi
5、ntocontro1groupandobservationgroup.Thecontro1groupwasoperatedundergenera1anesthesiawithpropofo1a1one,andtheobservationgroupwasoperatedundergenera1anesthesiawithgastroscope1aryngea1maskairwayand1ow-dosemeanarteria1pressure(map)andheartrate(hr)wererecordedbeforeandafterendoscopythroughthePharynx(t1),a
6、ttheentryorincisionofoddissphincter(t2)andattheendofsurgery(t3),Theadversereaction(bodymovement,cough,breathho1ding,hypoxemia),awaketime,operationtimeandthesatisfactionofthesurgeonwerets:Mapandhrintheobservationgroupweresignificant1y1owerthanthoseinthecontro1groupatt1,t2andt3(P0.05):t1,map(98.114.5)
7、mmHgvs(106.817.2)mmHg,hr(83.514.1)times/minvs(92.614.6)times/min;t2,map(100.813.9)mmHgvs(111.316.3)mmHg,hr(79.714.6)times/minvs(93.314.9)timcs/min;t3,map(99.815.2)mmHgvs(109.415.7)mmHg,hr(78.215.1)timesminvs(91.815.1)times/min.Theoperativetimeoftheobservationgroupwas(42.312.6)min,whichwassignificant
8、1yshorterthan(49.111.5)minofthecontro1group(P0.05);Awaketimeoftheobservationgroupwas(3.51.4)min,whichwassignificant1yshorterthan5.61.5ofthecontro1group(P0.05);Thesatisfactionofsurgeonsintheobservationgroupwas(9.51.5),whichwassignificant1yhigherthan(8.01.9)inthecontro1group(P0.05);对照组在t1,t2,t3时刻map、h
9、r明显高于观察组(P0.05)。见表1。表1两组患者在ercp操作中的血流动力学的比较(n=40zs)指标组别TOT1T2T3map对照组(n=40)96.5153106.817.2111.316.3109.415.7(mmHg)观察组(n=40)97.614.798.114.5*100.813.9*99.815.2*t值-0.3842.4733.0432.794P值0.7030.050.050.05hr对照组(n=40)78.815.192.614.693.314.991.815.1(次min)观察组(n=40)82.314.683.514.1*79.714.6*78.215.1*t值-1.
10、1543.0684.1634.273P值0.2550.050.050.05注:与对照组组比较*P0.052.2两组患者在ercp操作中的不良反应发生率比较与对照组相比,观察组发生体动、呛咳、憋气、低氧血症等不良反应明显减少(P0.05),见表2。表2两组患者术后不良反应发生率比较例(),n=40组别体动呛咳憋气低氧血症对照组5(12.5)9(22.5)6(15.0)11(27.5)观察组0(0)*0(0)*0(0)*2(5.0)*X25.33310.1416.4867.440P0.050.050.050.05注:与对照组组比较*P0052.3两组患者在ercp操作中的不良反应及术者满意度比较与
11、对照组相比,观察组患者手术时间较短,更快清醒,与对照组相比均具有明显差别(P0.05);手术医生的满意度也明显高于对照组(P0.05),见表3。表3两组患者在清醒时间、手术时间及术者满意度的比较(n=40,7s)组别清醒时间(min)手术时间(min)术者满意度(分)对照组5.61.549.111.58.01.9观察组3.51.4*42.312.6*9.51.5*t值7.7172.5194.515P值O.O50.050.05注:与对照组组比较*P0.053. 讨论与普通的胃肠镜检查相比较,接受ercp检查治疗的患者大多是老年人,常合并有呼吸系统、心血管系统等方面的疾病,加上操作过程中的俯卧位,目前大多在单纯静脉全麻下手术,呼吸道保护不佳,可能出现相关并发症,循环波动大,如本研究中的对照组那样,不良反应多,血流波动性大,因此,急需对此进行改进提升。为此需选择一种安全有效的麻醉方式,维持