鲁教版九年级语法专题研究十、复合句（基础知识、例题及练习题）.docx

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1、专题十复杂句that连接代词：what/which/who/whose/whom?r引导词一干连接副词：when/whereAvhy/how复合句宾语从句一定语从句状语从句J if/whether语序陈述句语序，即主语+谓语+宾语+其他r主句是一般现在时，从句根据实际情况使用相应的时态时态一 主句是一般过去时，从句使用过去的某种时态。从句表示客观事实、真理、自然现象等时,从句都用一般现在时一关系代词：who/that/which/whom/whose关系副词：where/when/why-时间、条件、原因、目的、结果、让步等I.命题点1宾语从句i.基础知识考向1：宾语从句的三大考点一、引导词宾

2、语从句的引导词有that、连接代词、连接副词和if/whether等。具体用法如下:l.that,本身无意义，只起连接作用，通常可省略。例： Mary thinks that the teams were fantastic.玛丽认为这些队是吸引人的。2.连接代词(what/which/who/whose/whom等)，在从句中作一定的成分，如:作主语、宾语、定语等。例：I dont know what they arc going to do.我不知道他们打算干什么。He asked me whose book it was.他问我这是谁的书。二、语序：从句一律用陈述句语序，即主语+谓语+宾

3、语+其他。例：I dont believe he told a lie.我不相信他说谎 了。三、时态L主句是一般现在时，从句根据实际情况使用相应时态。例：I hear Joe left for Beijing yesterday.我听说乔昨天去北京了。2 .主句是一般过去时，从句使用过去的某种时态。例： Kate said she was doing her homework at this time yesterday.凯特说她昨天这个时候在做她的作业。3 .从句表示的是客观事实、真理、自然现象等时，不管主句使用什么时态，从句都用一般现在时。例： Our teacher said that

4、the light travels faster than the sound.我们老师说光传播的速度比声音传播的速度快。考向2：疑问词+动词不定式“疑问词+动词不定式”结构中的疑问词，包括疑问代词what, which和疑问副词 how, when,where等。这些疑问词和不定式起构成了不定式短语，可在句子中作主语、宾语、表语等。例： Excuse me, could you please tell me how to get to the bookstore?打扰一下，请问你能告诉我如何去这家书店吗？【拓展】：“疑问词+不定式”作宾语时可以转化为宾语从句。例：Everyone shoul

5、d know how to deal with something unexpected.=Everyone should know how they can deal with something unexpected.每个人都应该知道如何处理一些难以预料的事情。ii.练习题1 .The light in BilPs office is still on. I wonder .Maybe at midnight again.A.if will he stop workingB.why he works so hardC.how long will he workD.when he will

6、stop working2 .-Excuse me, can you tell me ?Sorry, Im a stranger here.A.where is the post officeB.where the post office isC.how can I get to the post officeD.where can I find the post office3 .-Could you please tell me you will go to Hong Kong on business?-Sure. I prefer to take a plane.A.whetherB.w

7、hyC.whenD.how4 .We cant decide to go for dinner because everyone wants to ordersomething different.A.howB.whyC.whenD.wherewaiting for the mail. Do you know it will arrive-Usually it comes by 4:00 p.m.A.howB. whereC.whenD.what6.Tom asked I could go to the movies with him tonight just now.A.whatB.ifC.

8、whenD.where7.Sir, its true that being happy is an ability. So can you tell me we can findhappiness?A.howB.whenC. whereD.what8.Before you start reading, ask yourself you are reading this book. Mostpeople read for two main reasons, pleasure or knowledge.A.whyB.whatC. whereD.when9 .You do not win respe

9、ct by showing you are, but what youre able to do.A. whereB.whoC.howD.when10 . -Excuse me, could you tell me to get to a near by bank?-Go along this street and you will see a bank.A.whyB. whereC.howD.when1.1 1 wonder Tom had a good time having a picnic yesterday.A.thatB.ifC.whatD.which12 .-Do you kno

10、w grandma is going to visit us?-Next Saturday. She told me on the phone.A. whereB.whyC.whenD.whether13 .-I am worried about I can enter a good high school or not.-Take it easy- Believe in yourself!A.thatB.whenC.whetherD.where14 .-I want to know we will have the meeting.Maybe in the classroom.A.where

11、B.whenC.whoD.whether15 .Mr. Wu has recommended many books. Have you decided which (read)first?n.命题点2定语从句i.基础知识1 .根据定义定考点在复合句中，修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫作定语从句。两个句子之间通过关系代词（that, which, who, whom, whose）或关系副词（when, where,why）连接起来。定语从句关系词前被修饰的名词或代词叫作先行词。例： A dictionary is a book which gives the meanings of words.主句

12、： A dictionary is a book； 从句： which gives the meanings of words先行词：a book因此，如果确定是考查定语从句，我们就可以排除不是关系代词或关系副词的选项，如：whato2 .根据成分选关系词【在此过程中要掌握“三看原则。】（1）一看指人还是指物先行词指人：that, who, whose, whom；先行词指物：that, which, whose（2）二看在句中作何成分关系词所作成分主语who（人），which（物），that（人/物）宾语who/whom（人），which（物），that（人/物）定语whose（人/物）状语

13、where（地点），when（时间），why（原因）如果从句中缺少主干成分，补关系代词；如果从句中不缺主干成分，补关系副词；作宾语时，可以省略。例 1 ： My brother likes the stories were writ-ten by Mark Twain, becausethey are often humorous.先行词（the stories）指物，关系词在从句中作主语，可用关系代词which/thato例 2： He is the boy I talked with just now.先行词(the boy)指人，关系词在从句中作宾语，可用关系代词whom/who/tha

14、t/ 不填。例 3： Whats the name of the girl father is a doctor?先行词(the girl)指人，关系词在从句中作定语，可用关系代词whose。例 4： I still remember the day our new school was built.从句中不缺成分，先行词(the day)指时间，关系词在从句中作状语，可用关系副词wheno(3)三看是否属特殊情况只能用关系代词that的情况：先行词是不定代词 something, anything, everything, nothing, alb little9few, much, non

15、e, some 等时。例： As we all know, all that can be done has been done.众所周知，所有能做的都已经做了。先行词被 the only, the very, the right, the last 等修饰时。例： He is the only one that knows how to solve the problem.他是唯一一个知道如何解决这个问题的人。当先行词既有人又有物时。例：The characlers and events that the author described in his book are veryinteresting.作者在他书里描写的那些人和事非常有意思。先行词前有序数词或形容词最高级修饰，或先行词本身就是序数词时。例：This is the best film that ha