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1、考研外语考前摸底试卷8一、UseofEng1ish1、OntheafternoonofApri119th,1587,SirFrancisDr.Ake1edhisconvoyof31shipsintotheportofCadiz,(1)theSpanishnavywasbeingpreparedto(2)Eng1and.TheSpanishwere(3)comp1ete1ybysurprise,andDr.Ake,smenquick1y1ooted,sankorburnteveryshipinsight.Afterc1earingtheharbourofstoresand(4)offaSpani
2、shattack,Dr,ekeandhisships(5)withoutthe1ossofasing1eman.BackinEng1and,Dr.akabecameanationa1hero,andhisdaringattackbecameknownasthesingeingoftheKingofSpain,sbeard”.Aswe11as(6)backtheSpanishp1antoinvadeEng1andbysevera1months,Dr.Ake,sdaringattack(7)thesuccessofapopu1arnewdrink.Foramongthestoresthathe(8
3、)fromCadizwere2,9001argebarre1sofsack,awinemadeintheJerezregionofSpain,andthe(9)oftoday,ssherry.ThewinemakersofJerez1ookedforoverseasmarkets,andsackstartedtotakeoffinEng1and.In1587,thece1ebratorydrinkingofthesackbroughtbackfromCadizbyDr.Akegaveitafurther(10)andmadeithuge1yfashionab1e,(11)itsSpanisho
4、rigin.For(12)chemica1reasons,sackwasanunusua11y1ong-1astingand(13)wine.Thismadeitidea1fortakingon1ongseavoyages,(14)whicha1coho1icdrinksactedasavita1socia11ubricantthat(15)thehardshipofspendingweekspackedintoa(16)ship.Co1umbustooksackwithhimtothenewwor1dinthe1490s,makingitthefirstwinetobe(17)intothe
5、Americas.In1604,sackwas(18)officia1recognitionof(19)whenJamesI(20)anordinance1imitingitsconsumptionatcourt.Bythistimesackwaspopu1ar1yknownassherris-sack(sherrisbeingacorruptionofJerez),whicheventua11ybecamethemodernwordsherry.A. whereB. whenC. asD. which2、A. aggravateB. besiegeC. invadeD. siege3、(3)
6、A. seizedB. takenC. capturedD. snapped4、(4)A. fendingB. fencingC. defeatingD. bringing5、(5)A. avoidedB. bidedC. brokeD. escaped6、(6)A. cuttingB. takingC.settingD.dissecting7、(7)A. stitchedB. sea1edC.stuckD.1abe1ed8、(8)A.robbedB.p1underedC.squanderedD.sto1e9、(9)A. deviantB. variationC. forerunnerD.de
7、scendant10、(10)A. stimu1usB. incentiveC. conduciveD. boost11、()A.neverthe1essB.notwithstandingtoC.howeverD.concerning12、 (12)A. obscureB. obsessiveC. obsceneD. obso1ete13、 (13)A. dryB. robustC. weakD. stiff14、 (14)A. inB. onC. duringD. to15、 (15)A. 1essenedB. worsenedC. softenedD.sharpened16、(16)A.
8、spaciousB. creptC. campedD. cramped17、 (17)A.so1dB.exportedC.importedD.introduced18、 (18)A. conferredB. presentedC. grantedD. offered19、 (19)A. sortsB. kindsC. sortD. kinds20、 (20).announcedB.proc1aimedC.c1aimedD.issued二、ReadingComprehension1、 PartADirections:Readthefo11owingfourtexts.Answerthequest
9、ionsbe1oweachtextbychoosingA,B,CorD.(40points)St.Pau1didn,t1ikeit.Moseswarnedhispeop1eagainstit.Hesioddec1areditmischievousand,hardtogetridofit，butOscarWi1dersaid,zGossipischarming.,Historyismere1ygossip,hewroteinoneofhisfamousp1ays.z,Butscanda1isgossipmadetediousbymora1ity.,zIntimespast,underJewish
10、1aw,gossipmongersmightbefinedorf1ogged.ThePuritansputtheminstocksorduckingstoo1s,butnopunishmentseemedtohavethedesiredeffectofpreventinggossip,whichhascontinueduninterruptedacrossthebackfencesofthecenturies.Today,however,themuch-ma1ignedhumanfoib1eisbeing1ookedatinadifferent1ight,Psycho1ogists,socio
11、1ogists,phi1osophers,evenevo1utionarybio1ogistsareconc1udingthatgossipmaynotbesobadaftera11.Gossipisanintrinsica11yva1uab1eactivity”,phi1osophyprofessorAaronBen-Ze,evstatesinabookhehasedited,entit1edGoodGossip.Foronething,gossiphe1psusacquireinformationthatweneedtoknowthatdoes,tcomethroughordinarych
12、anne1s,suchas;,zWhatwastherea1reasonso-and-sowasfiredfromtheoffice?”Gossipa1soisaform,ofsocia1bonding,Dr.Ben-Ze,evsays.Itisakindofsharingthata1soz,satisfiesthetriba1needname1y,theneedtobe1ongtoandbeacceptedbyauniquegrop,z.What,smore,theprofessornotes,Gossipisenjoyab1e.,Anothergossipgroupie,Dr.Rona1d
13、DeSouse,aprofessorofphi1osophyattheUniversityofToronto,describesgossipbasica11yasaform,ofindiscretionanda,zsaint1yvirtue”,bywhichbemeansthattheknow1edgespreadbygossipwi11usua11yendupbeings1ight1ybeneficia1.Itseems1ike1ythatawor1dinwhicha11informationwereuniversa11yavai1ab1ewou1dbepreferab1etoawor1dw
14、hereimmensepowerresidesinthecontro1ofsecrets,hewrites.Sti11,everybodyknowsthatgossipcanhaveitsiiieffects,especia11yonthepoorwretchbeinggossipedabout.Andpeop1eshou1drefrainfromcertainkindsofgossipthatmightbeharmfu1,eventhoughtheduckingstoo1is1ongoutoffashion.Bytheway,thereisa1soaninterestingstrainofg
15、ossipca11edmedica1gossip,whichinitsbestform,accordingtoresearchersJerryM.Su1sandFrank1inGoodkin,canmotivatepeop1ewithsymptomsofseriousi11ness,butwhoareunawareofit,toseekmedica1he1p.Sogoaheadandgossip.Butremember,if(asoftenisthecaseamonggossipers)youshou1dsudden1ybecomeoneofthegossipeesinstead,itisbesttoemp1oythefoo1proofdefenserecommendedbyP1ato,whomayhave1earnedthe1essonfromSocrates,whoasyouknowwasthevictimofgossipspreadthathewascorruptingtheyouthofAthens;Whenmenspeaki11ofthee,so1ivethatnobodywi11be1ievethem.Or,a
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