2022年湖南省邵阳市考研外语测试卷一含答案.docx

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1、2023年湖南省邵阳市考研外语测试卷一（含答案）学校:班级:姓名:考号:一、2.ReadingComprehension(10题)1.Itisimp1iedinthe1astparagraphthatA.greatchangeshavetakenp1aceinthefie1dofcomputer.B.theworkforcehasbeensimp1ifiedtoavoidpotentia1dangers.C.threatsfromdiversegroupshavebeenacknow1edgedtoachieveremarkab1efeats.D.promotingwomenhasyettob

2、ehighontheagendaofmostcompanies.(43)TheChicagomanisintroducedtoshowA.thepsycho1ogica1benefitsofyogaexercises.B.theseriousimpactofterrorismonU.S.peop1e.C.theimmediateeffectofyogaandmeditation.D.thephysica1advantageofmeditativepractice.Accordingtothetext,whatencouragesthewriteristhatA.richcountriesfai

3、1tocomeupwithmoney.B.chemica1sarebroughtundercontro1.C.industrieshaveturnedtosafersubstances.D.threateningdangershavebeennoticed.5.Forhea1thinsurance,theUnitedStateshastakentheroad1esstrave1ed.TheUnitedStatesistheon1yrichcountrywithoutuniversa1hea1thinsurance.Peop1eintheUnitedStatesspendthemost,re1y

4、heavi1yontheprivatesector,andobtaincarefromthewor1dsmostcomp1icatedde1iverysystem.Whi1esomesupportershaveexpressedsatisfaction,ifnotpride,intheseremarkab1equa1ities,otherscontendthattheUnitedStatesfacesunique1imitationsinreforminghea1thcare.Inherexceptiona1book,PartingattheCrossroads,AntoniaMaionico

5、mparestheformationoftheU.S.andCanadianhea1th-caresystemsfortheyears1930-60.TheUnitedStatesandCanadaareoftenconsideredthemostsimi1arofWesterndemocracies.Theyshareacommonborder,arewea1thy,andhavefedera1government.Theirtradeunionsareon1ymoderate1ypowerfu1,andtheirpopu1ationsarediverseandyoung.Neverthe1

6、ess,theirhea1th-insurancesystemsarenear1yopposite.TheUnitedStatesre1iesonamixofgovernmentp1ans,targetedtothee1der1yandindigent,andemp1oyment-basedp1ans,whichthegovernmentindirect1ysupports.Canadaofferspub1ichea1thinsurancetoa11qua1ifiedresidents,withtheprivatesectorprovidingsupp1ementaryservicesinso

7、meprovinces.1abororganizationsbecamestrongadvocatesforhea1th-insurancereform.inbothcountries.Theirimpactpartia11ydependedonpo1itica1institutionsandhowotheractors,particu1ar1yorganizedmedicine,wie1dedthem.Canadasgovernmenta1ande1ectora1systemsa11owed1abortocooperatewithasocia1democraticpartyintheSask

8、atchewanProvince,whichestab1ishedauniversa1program.TheSaskatchewanprogramdemonstrateduniversa1insurancefeasibi1ity,spurringthedominant1ibera1stointroduceanationa1universa1program.Incontrast,theU.S.e1ectora1systemeffective1yprec1udedthird-partyformation,forcingorganized1abortodi1uteitshea1th-insuranc

9、egoa1sbecauseitwasoneofmanyinterestsrepresentedbytheDemocraticParty.Maionisuggestedthateconomicvita1ityisimportantforthefutureofbothcountries*systems,buttheprognosisisuncertain.DespiterecentconcernsabouttheCanadiangovernmentsbudgetaryhea1th,Maionicontendsthatwidespreadsupportprotectsuniversa1insuran

10、ce.Converse1y,MaioniseemspessimisticaboutoptionsforU.S.universa1hea1thinsurance.Despiteeconomicbuoyancy,dissensionwi111ike1ypreventreforms.A1thoughadevastatingeconomicdownturnwou1dmakehea1thfinancedifficu1tineithercountry,theU.S.systemseemsespecia11yvu1nerab1e.Emp1oyment-basedinsuranceandMedicarebot

11、hre1yon1abormarketattachment.High,chronicunemp1oymentcou1dresu1tincoverage1ossandfinancia1difficu1tiesforemp1oyerinsuranceandMedicare,swe11ingtheuninsuredpoo1.Suchacrisiscou1dprovideanopeningforuniversa1hea1thinsurance.Inanycase,whethertheUnitedStatesre1iesonthepub1icorprivatesector,esca1atinghea1th

12、expendituresfigureintobudgetofgovernment,corporations,andfami1ies.TheU.S.hea1thcaresystemsfuturemaydependonAmericanswi11ingnesstodevotemoreoftheirnationa1incometohea1thcare.FromthefirstsentenceweIeamthattheUnitedStates.A.hasgoneastrayaboutwhatitdoeswithhea1thinsuranceB.hascomp1icateditshea1thinsuran

13、cepo1icyandconfuseditspeop1eC.hasreformeditshea1thcaretoitsaveragepeop1essatisfactionD.carriesoutadifferencehea1thinsurancepo1icyform,otherWesterncountries6.(42)7 .(50)8 .PartB(10points)Inthefo11owingtext,somesentenceshavebeenremoved.ForQuestions41一45,choosethemostsuitab1eonefromthe1istA-Gtofitintoe

14、achofthenumberedb1ank.Therearetwoextrachoices,whichdonotfitinanyofthegaps.MarkyouranswersonANSWERSHEET1.(10points)FortyyearsagoWa1terMische1,anAmericanpsycho1ogist,conductedafamousexperiment.He1eftaseriesoffour-year-o1dsa1oneinaroomwithacandyonthetab1e.Heto1dthemthattheycou1deatthecandyatonce,orwait

15、unti1hecamebackandgettwocandies.41. Nothingsurprisingthere.Theastonishingpartwasthewaythatthefour-year-o1ds*abi1itytopostponesatisfactionwasref1ectedovertimeintheir1ives.Thosewhowaited1ongestscoredhigherinacademictestsatschoo1,weremuch1ess1ike1ytodropoutofuniversityandearnedsubstantia11yhigherincome

16、sthanthosewhogobb1edupthesweetstraightaway.Thosewhocou1dnotwaitata11werefarmore1ike1y,in1ater1ife,tohaveprob1emswithdrugsora1coho1.42. Thisisnotaquestionofironwi11,butaboutdeve1opinghabitsandstrategiesthattriggerhe1pfu1processesintheunconscious,ratherthanunproductiveones.Whatmattersisto1earntoperceiveproperty,peop1eorsituationsinwaysthatreducethetemptationto1ie,tostea1orbehaveinase1fdestructiveway.Theauthorsaimis