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1、2023年(七升八)新八年级暑假衔接自学课(人教版)03therebe句型函基础知R一、Therebe句型1 .构成Therebe句型表示的是“某处有/存在某,人或某物”,其结构为Therebe(is,are)+名词+地点状语”。Thereareforty-twostudentsinourc1ass.我们班有42名学生。Thereisapenci1inmypenci1-box.我的铅笔盒里有一支铅笔。2 .各种句式否定句:Therebe+not+名词+地点状语。其中not也可以用no表示。即:no+名词=nota/an/any+名词。她的包里有个橘子。Thereisanorangeinherb
2、ag.Thereisnoorangeinherbag.=Thereisn,tany/anorangeinherbag.树上有几只鸟。Therearesomebirdsinthetree.Therearenobirdsinthetree.=Therearentanybirdsinthetree.(2)一般疑问句:Bethere+名词+地点状语?回答:Yes,therebe.No,therbe+not.她的手提包里有点钱。Thereissomemoneyinherhandbag.一Isthereanymoneyinherhandbag?Yes,thereis.No,thereisn,t.【注意】肯
3、定句变为否定句或一般疑问句时,句中的Some应改为any。(3)特殊疑问句:对Therebe结构中名词的数量提问:当对可数名词的量提问时用:HOWmany+可数名词复数+arethere+地点状语?当对不可数名词的量提问时用:Howmuch+不可数名词+isthere+地点状语?这条街上有40个商店。Therearefortyshopsonthisstreet.Howmanyshopsarethereonthisstreet?树上有一只鸟。Thereisabirdinthetree.*Howmanybirdsarethereinthetree?桌子上有一些面包。Thereissomebread
4、onthetab1e.Howmuchbreadisthereonthetab1e?对Therebe结构中的名词提问时用:指物:Whatis+地点状语?指人:Whois+地点状语?课桌上有很多书。Therearemanybksonthedesk.What,s-Onthedesk?房间里有三个男孩儿。Therearethreeboysintheroom.-Whoisintheroom?3 .用法(I)Therebe句型中,be动词的形式要和其后的主语在人称和数上保持一致。Thereisabasketba11inthebox.盒子里有一个篮球。Therearemanypeop1eintheha11.
5、大厅里有很多人。(2)如果有两个或两个以上的名词作主语,be动词要和最靠近它的那个主语在数上保持一致,也就是我们常说的“就近原则”。Thereisanapp1eandsomebananasinthebasket.篮子里有一个苹果和一些香蕉。Therearesomebananasandanapp1einthebasket.篮子里有一些香蕉和一个苹果。4 .therebe与have的区别(Dtherebe句型表示“有”时,侧重于客观,表示某处有/存在某人或某物”,此时不强调此物归谁所有。(2)have表示“有时,侧重于主观,表示“某人拥有某物”,此时强调“所属关系”,主语多是人。二者有时可以通用,
6、表示“某物本身拥有”。Theroomhastendesks.=Therearetendesksinthec1assroom.教室里有十张桌子。学习时需要注意的问题:therebe句型表示有某人或某物。其构成是:Therebe+人或物+地点状语(常由介词短语构成).【考向一】therebe句型的主语通常在be之后。如果句子的主语是单数可数名词或不可数名词,be用,is;如果句子主语是可数名词复数,be用are。Thereissomemi1kinthebott1e.瓶子里有些奶。Therearesomepenci1sinmypenci1box.我的铅笔盒里有些铅笔。【典例】hereacardont
7、heteacher,sdeskfiveminutesago,butnowitisgone.A.haveB.isC.was【答案】C【解析】考查therebe结构,主语是acard,为单数,排除A;由时间状语fiveminu1esag。可知用一般过去时,故选C。【考向二】therebe的疑问句式要把be提到there前,肯定回答为*,Yes,thereisare.,否定回答为uNo,thereisn,taren,t.o注意不要用uYes,itis/theyare.或No,itisnt/theyarent.来回答。-Arethereanyf1owersinyourschoo1?你们学校里有一些花吗
8、?一Yes,thereare./No,therearent.是的,有。/不,没有。Isthereabagonthechair?椅子上有个包吗?Yes,thereis./No,thereisnt.是的,有。/不,没有。1.Isthereawatene1ononthetab1e?A.Yes,thereis.B.Yes,itis.C.No,thereis.【答案】AD.No,itisnt.【解析】本题用语境判断法。ISthere?是therebe句型的一般疑问句,肯定回答用uYes,thereis.否定回答用No,thereisnt.0【考向三】therebe的否定句式是在be后面加not,isno
9、t可缩写为isnt;arenot可缩写为arent0Therearesomegir1sinthephoto.那张照片中有些女孩。Therearen,.tanygir1sinthePhotO.(否定句)那张照片中没有女孩。Weorderedbeefnood1es,butanybeefinthenood1es.一Putonyourg1assesandyoucanseethebeef.A.thereisntB.thereisC.therearentD.thereare【答案】A【解析】本句为therebe句型,根据句中beef是不可数名词,可知be应使用单数形式,苜先可排除C、D两项;又根据句中bu
10、t表示转折关系,可知本句应用否定形式。又可排除B选项。故选A。【考向四】therebe后跟两个或两个以上主语时,be的数要与离它最近的主语的数保持一致,即“就近原则”。ThereSgmemi1kandapp1esinthefridge.A.hasB.haveC.isD.are【答案】C【解析】本句为therebe句型,首先可排除A、B两项;therebe后跟两个或两个以上主语时,be动词应使用“就近原则,mi1k是不可数名词,故be动词用单数形式,又可排除D选项。故选C。二、问路和指路1 .如何问路rIsthere.aroundhere?Excuseme,IWhereisthe.?【典例】一E
11、xcuseme,?It,snexttoWandaCinema.A.whenisthemovieonB.whatisyourmotherC.whoisthegir1underthetreeD.whereisthenearestbookshop【答案】D【解析】本题用语境判断法。由答语它紧挨着万达影院可知问句询问的是地点,故选D。2 .如何指路Yes,thereis.Ifs.Ifs.Goa1ong/down.Tum1eft/rightatthe.crossing.3 .表示方位的介词短语on1ongRoad/CenterStreet/.be1indthehote1/.acrossfromthe1i
12、brary/.infrontofthepark/.(betueenthepo1icestationandthebank/.真题演练一、单项选择1.What,sonthetab1e?-somebreadonit.A.ThereisB.ThereareC.Theyare2 .Theretwoc1othesstoresandapo1icestationinourneighborhood.A.isB.hasC.areD.have3 .Thereafootba11matchbetweenArgentinaandSpainnextweek.A.wi11haveB.hasC.haveD.wi11be4 .一
13、Hey,watchout!Thereiswaterontheground.Thankyou.Iwi11becarefu1.A.too1itt1eB.toomuchC.toomany5 .Wi11therebewor1dpeace(世界和平)inthefuture?Yes,.AIhopesoB.mafraidnotC.IdisagreeD.Idontthinkso6 .OurPEteachersaystherebasketba11matchesinGrade7thisApri1.A.wi11haveB.aregoingtobeC.isgoingtobeD.sha11be7 .Thereanint
14、ernationa1marathoninYangzhouthemorningof16Apri1,2023.Rea11y?Ican,tmissit.A.wi11have,inB.isgoingtohave,onC.wi11be,onD.is,in8 .Therea1otofexchangestudentsfromtheco11egesintheUKintwoweeks.A.aregoingtohaveB.areC.wi11haveD.aregoingtobe9 .theretwofootba11matchesinyourschoo1nextweek?Yes.Whatexcitingnews!D.
15、Are;goingtobeD.muchtooA.Wi11;haveB.Are;goingtohaveC.Is;goingtobe10 .Thereiswateronthegroundandp1easebecarefu1.A.toomanyB.toomuchC.manytoo11 .Wi11therebeanyc1assesthisFriday?A.Yes,therewi11B.No,thereisC.Yes,thereareD.No,itwon,t12 .Thereanimportantmeetingtomorrowafternoon.A.isB.areC.isgoingtohaveD.isgoingtobe13 .Thereata1kshowonC