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1、2气源性质计算2.1 燃气选择的基本要求根据国家相关标准规定,燃气用作城市气源时,其高发热值应大于31.40MJNm3,另外对于发热量和组分,其波动还必须符合气源互换时的要求。2.2 气源成分及组成某些低短短的本性质273.15K. lO1325Pa) 12气体|甲烷乙乙俄内正丁烷鼻丁 一王图t分子或CKCs4GHlQH.CMc4hioC07,3钻界败X 界4度 T. (K)191.05305.45282.95 368.85364.75425.95407.15470.35界压力R (MP)4.64074.88395 33984.39754.76233.61733.65783.3437略界密度p
2、 (kgNm5)162210220226232225221212境热值离发信值H. (MJNm,)39.84270.3513.438101.26693.667133.886133(M8IW.3餐发斛值H, (MJNtn,)35.90264.39759.47793.24087,667123.649122,853156.733益极跟rm a (他根)5.0292.72.12-01.51.81.4爆炸上限Lq (体帜)15.013.034.09.511.78.58.58.3帖度动力粘度TO (PQ10.1938.6009.3167.5027.6496.8356.355运动粘度1Ofi (m)14.S
3、Q6.417.463.813.992.531.85丸因次泉敷C16425222527832!377368263 在他压和293K条件下.可燃气体在空气中的体相自分数。英普气体的M本性质27315K 1O1325Pb)表13气体 1一化MM* I二化碳破化氨空气水离气分子式18S-1OiH3SH,O分子M2S.O1O42.016028.013431.998844.009834.07628.96618.01M摩尔各税 Vm (Nn?/kmul)22.42722.40322.392322.260122.180222.400321629使度 P (Nm1)I.2W60.08W.2Mt.429l1.97
4、71).53631.29310.833,体UtkR WK)206.63412.b64296.66259 .湖1见”24145286.867445.157事界,敬整界度T.GO133。33.30126.2154.8304.2132.5647.36界长力几(MP)3.4957.2l (ma)13.303.013.3013.607.097.6313.401042无因次KV(C10481.7U2131266172以下举例计算:气源具体组分及各组分性质如下表:表2.1气源的燃气成分及其各成分基本性质表燃气组分甲烷ch4乙烷c2h6丙烷c3h8正丁烷iC4Ho正戊烷nC5H12氧气O2氮气n2二氧化碳co
5、2体积分数/%96.2261.770.3220.0620.0750.1050.9670.473相对分子质量16.04330.0744.09758.12472.15131.99928.01344.010密度p/kg m30.71741.35532.01022.7033.45371.42911.25061.977高热值HhMJ m 339.84270.351101.266133.886169.377低热值HMJ m-335.90264.39793.240123.649156.733爆炸下限L%5.0%2.9%2.1%1.5%1.4%爆炸上限Lh%15.0%13.0%9.5%8.5%8.3%动力粘度
6、Pa s10.3938.6007.5026.8356.35519.41716.67114.023无因次系数C1642522783773831311122662.3 燃气基本性质的计算2.3.1 燃气的平均相对分子量Mr=yiMri=(96.226 16.043 1.7730.07+0.32244.097+0.06258.124+0.07572.151+0.10531.9988+0.47344.0098+0.96728.0134)100= 16.7146上式中Mr:气源气的平均相对分子量;X:气源气中各种成分的体积分数M,:气源气中各种组分的相对分子质量。2.3.2 燃气的平均密度和相对密度(1
7、)燃气的平均密度:p=yipi=(96.2260.7174 1.77 1.3553+0.3222.0102+0.0622.7030+0.0753.4537+0.105 1.4291+0.4731.9771 +0.967 1.2506)/100=0.7480kgNm3上式中p :气源气的平均密度,kg/m3;) 气源气中各种组分的体积分数;pi.在标准状态下气源气中各成分的密度,kgm3o(2)上式中燃气的相对密度:P 0.7480二=U.J /OJ1.2931.293S:气源气相对于空气的相对密度;1.293:空气在标准状况下的密度,kgm3o2.3.3燃气的动力粘度和运动粘度(1)动力黏度在
8、计算动力粘度时需要用体积分数,所以需要先将各组分的体积分数换算为对应的质量分数。W,yiMri上式中外:气源气中各个成分的质量分数;气源气中各个成分的体积分数;气源气各种成分的相对分子质量。利用上述计算公式可计算燃气的各种成分对应的质量分数如下:C2H6cochaylMrl _ 16.043x96.226%)M16.71460.923630.07 1.77% =0031816.7146%M3)M44.097 x0.322%=0008516.7146_4吃4xw58J240.062% 八16.7146M,72.1510.075% 八16.7146y1Mrl 31.9988 x0,105%y%16
9、.71460.0020co2y9Mr9 28.01340.967%yiM, =16.7146= 0.0162二)1Mr8M,44.0098 0.473 %16.7146= 0.0125由表2.1查得燃气中各组分的动力粘度,代入下式,得标准状况下燃气的动力粘度1.01060.92360.0318 0.085 0.0022 0.0032 0.0020 0.0162 0.0125+ + + + + + +二 10.3938.67.502 6.8356.355 19.417 16.671 14.023二 1.036410-5 Pa s上式中 /J气源气在标准状况下的动力粘度,Pa-s;外:气源气中的各
10、种组分的质量分数;从:气源气中各种组分的动力粘度。(2)燃气的运动黏度 1.0364105y - L p 0.7480= 1.3855 10-5m2 5上式中 v :气源气在设计温度下的运动粘度,m/s;气源气在设计温度下的动力粘度,Pa-s;P .气源气的平均密度,kgm3 o2.3.4 燃气的高低热值(1)低热值:/ =y=(96.226 X 35.902+1.77 X 64.397+0.322 X 93.24+0.062 X 123.649+0.075 X156.733)/100=36.1813 MJNm3(2)高热值:% =y/=(96.226 X 39.8421.77 X 70.3510.322 101.266+0.062 X 133.8860.075 169.377)/100=40.1197 MJNm3上式中储;气源气的低热值,MJ/Nm3;“k气源气中各种组分的低热值,MJ/Nm3;”