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1、华盛顿邮报-面部识别技术的危害We now have evidence of facial recognition harm. Time for lawmakers to act. 我们现在有证据表明面部识别的危害，立法者是时候采取行动了。Defenders of unregulated facial recognition technology have always asked for concrete evidence of harm. Now they have it and lawmakers in both chambers （tembz of Congress have sign

2、aled a willingness to act.UnreRUlated不受监管；无规定的；未调整的facial reCOHnitiOn面孔识别；面部识别 COnCrete evidence确凿的证据ChamberS会议厅；议院；房间，室；chamber的复数 ConRreSS美国国会：代表大会：国会,议会Willin即ess 意愿；乐意； 心甘情愿 Express willingness采取行动 take action; begin to act; Action; take an action; Taking Action不受监管的面部识别技术的捍卫者总是要求提供具体的伤害证据。现在他们已

3、经得到了证据 一一而国会参众两院的议员都表示愿意采取行动。The New York Times reported last month that a man in Michigan named Robert Williams was wrongfully arrested early this year after an algorithm misidentified him, indicating to officers that he was a match for surveillance video of someone shoplifting $3,800 worth of watc

4、hes. WrOfulv不公正地；不公平地 arrested逮捕；拘留；阻止；中止；吸引；arrest的过去分词和过去式 SiJrVeillanCe 监控；监视 ShoHiftinR冒充顾客在商店行窃；在商店行窃；shoplift的现在分词纽约时报上个月报道称，密歇根州一名叫威廉姆斯（RObertWiIliamS）的男子今年早些 时候被错误地逮捕，原因算法错误识别了他的身份，该算法向警察表明，他与一个在商店盗 窃价值3800美元手表的人的监控录像相匹配Police showed up at his home, handcuffed IhaendkAft him in front of his

5、wife and daughters and held him for 30 hours, during which time he demonstrated to detectives that he wasnt the black man depicted dpktd in their grainy ,greniimage. Weeks later in court, the prosecutor moved to dismiss his case.ShOW UD如约赶到；出现；露面；handcuffed用手铐铐住;handcuff的过去分词和过去式 in front Of在前面；在.前面

6、detectives侦探；警探；私人侦探；detective的复数 depicted描绘;描画；描写depict的过去分词和过去式RrainV表面粗糙的；模糊的 dismiss （law 律）驳回；JS to say that a trial or legal case should not continue 警察出现在他的家中，在他的妻子和女儿面前给他戴上手铐，并将他拘留了 30个小时，在 此期间，他向警探们证明，他不是他们模糊图像中描绘的那个黑人男子。几个星期后在法庭 上，检察官撤销了他的案子。“How does one explain to two little girls that a

7、 computer got it wrong, but the police listened to it anyway? Mr. Williams wrote in an op-ed op ed for The Post.op-ed评论版（报章上与社论版位置相对的）评论版“一个人如何向两个小女孩解释是一台电脑弄错了，可警察还是听了电脑的建议？ ”威廉姆 斯先生在华盛顿邮报的一篇专栏文章中写道。How does the government explain the same to its citizens? Last week, Sens. Edward J. Markey (D-Mass.)

8、 and Jeff Merkley (D-0re.) and Reps. Pramila Jayapal (D-Wash.) and Ayanna Pressley (D-Mass.) introduced legislation that would impose a moratorium on biometric surveillance technologies until rules to govern them are in place.政府又如何向市民解释呢？上周，马萨诸塞州参议员爱德华J马基(EdWard J.Markey). 杰夫默克利(JeffMerkIey)和众议员普拉米拉

9、贾亚帕尔(PramilaJayaPaI)、艾安娜普 雷斯利(AyannaPreSSley)提出了一项立法，规定暂停使用生物识别监视技术，直到管理这 些技术的规则出台为止。The proposal stops federal entities from using facial recognition, and it strips grant funding from state and local entities including law enforcement unless they, too, adopt temporary bans. Companies including Micr

10、osoft, IBM and Amazon, whose CEO Jeff Bezos also owns The Post, recently pledged to stop marketing their systems to police departments but departments often use tools developed by little-known and little-vetted firms. facial recognition面孔识别；面部识别strip VNl sb of sth 剥夺 IVNl Sth (down)拆卸；拆开VN Sth (Off)

11、I A (Off/from B) B (OfAl除去，剥去(一层)；(尤指)剥光型也Jvetdv.审查(某人过去的生活和职业);仔细检查，审查(内容、质量等)IaW enforcement法的实施，法的执行Iittle-known鲜为人知的该提案禁止联邦机构使用面部识别技术，并剥夺包括执法部门在内的州和地方机构的拨款， 除非他们也采取临时禁令。包括微软、IBM和亚马逊(其CEo杰夫贝佐斯也是华盛顿邮 报的负责人)在内的公司最近都承诺不再向警察部门推销他们的系统一一但警察部门通常 使用的工具是由不知名的、很少受到审查的公司开发的。This lack of vetting is part of t

12、he problem that any future law will have to solve; recognition algorithms are known for failing to correctly identify people of color at disproportionate rates and ought to be audited 3：ditid for accuracy and bias.algorithms算法；计算程序；algorithm的复数known for以而闻名audited审计；稽核；旁听；audit的过去分词和过去式bias偏见；偏心；偏向；

13、偏爱；特殊能力；斜裁；使有偏见；这种审查的欠缺是未来任何法律都必须解决的问题的一部分；众所周知，识别算法正确识别 有色人种的准确度不高，因此应该对其准确性和偏倚性进行审查。These failures are particularly insidious nsdis given that communities of color are disproportionately policedwhich means the mug shot mg Jo :t repositoriesr poztriz officers draw from are disproportionately compos

14、ed of black and brown faces. insidious阴险的；隐伏的；潜伏的；隐袭的RiVen that考虑到；鉴于 disproportionatev不成比例地muD Shot (尤指警方拍摄的罪犯的)面部照片 rep。SitOrieS仓库；贮藏室；存放处;repository的复数 COmPOSed Of 由.组成考虑到有色人种社区受到的监管不成比例，这些失败的危害尤其严重。这意味着，在档案室 工作的人员中，黑人和棕色面孔的比例过高。Law enforcement also should be barred from running facial recognitio

15、n searches without a warrant. Then theres what happens after a search has been run: Never should an individual be arrested on the basis of an algorithm match alone, as Mr. Williams was, and suspects deserve to know when they*ve been identified based on a facial recognition system.IaW enforcement法的实施

16、，法的执行bar from禁止facial recognition面孔识别:面部识别WalTant n保证；执行令;授权令；凭单，许可证On the basis Of在基础上鉴于有色人种群体受到的监管比例过高,这就意味着警官们从犯罪嫌疑人照片库中提取的黑 色和棕色面孔的比例过高，这些失败就显得尤为隐蔽。执法部门也应该禁止在没有搜查令的 情况下进行面部识别搜查。然后是搜索结束后的情况：绝不应该像威廉姆斯那样仅仅根据算 法匹配来逮捕一个人，嫌疑人应该知道他们是什么时候通过面部识别系统被识别出来的。It is unlikely that Mr. Williamss is the first case of an algorithm mistaking someone