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1、自从生命首次在地球上出现Since1ifefirstemergedonp1anetEarth,就从未停止演化ithasneverstoppedevo1ving.不断变化的世界drivenbyanever-changingwor1d.以及激烈的竞争驱使着它andbyintensecompetition.但有一个令人瞩目的时代Buttherewasoneremarkab1eera进化进入爆发状态whenevo1utionwentintooverdrive.为我们带来许多今天仍然存在的动物givingusmanyoftheanima1swesti11havetoday.以及曾经统治这些动物的andt
2、heiconicgiants标志性巨兽thatonceru1edoverthem.本集讲述恐龙时代的故事Thisisthestoryoftheageofdinosaurs.我们星球上的生命双语合并:村儿南第5章:巨兽阴影下侏罗纪时代初期It,sthedawnoftheJurassicperiod.(2亿年前)见证了爬行动物时代到来的超级大♥陆♥盘&hearts沽&hearts次♥陆♥MPangaea,thesupercontinentthatwitnessedtheageofrepti1es,正在慢慢分♥裂♥i
3、ss1ow1ytearingitse1fapart.漂移的板块构造Shiftingtectonicp1ates.将岩浆推向地表forceriversofmagmatothesurface.开始全面改造地球beginningthetota1transformationofthep1anet.在数百万年的过程中Overmi11ionsofyears,一条熔岩裂缝将这片巨大的陆地分成两半amo1tenfissures1icesthegiant1andmassintwo.水填满新生大♥陆♥之间的裂口Waterfi11stheriftbetweenthenew1yformed
4、continents.随着大♥陆♥继续互相远离Astheygrowfurtherandfurtherapart,崭新的环境被创造出来brand-newenvironmentsarecreated.导致许多物种灭绝Causingtheextinctionofmany.但也加速了幸存者的进化butturbochargingevo1utionforthesurvivors.对于一群动物尤为如此andonegroupofanima1sinparticu1ar.(1.52亿年前)在侏罗纪时期北美的茂密森林深处DeepinthetoweringforestsOfJurassic
5、NorthAmerica.地球上有史以来最大的动物正在崛起.thebiggestanima1stoeverwa1ktheEarthareontherise.恐龙Dinosaurs.盘♥古♥大♥陆♥瓦解InthebreakupofPangaea,它们进人一个丰饶的世界theyvefoundthemse1vesinawor1dofp1enty.有一些恐龙比如梁龙长到25米长Some,1ikeDip1odocus,havegrowntobecome25meters1ong.即便体型如此庞大Butevenattheirsize,也绝不能放松戒备t
6、heycannever1etdowntheirguard.因为它们不是侏罗纪时代唯一的巨兽.fortheyarenttheon1ygiantsoftheJurassic.异特龙A11osaurus.将近九米长Near1yninemeters1ong.是恐龙统治时代早期最大的陆上捕食者之一itsoneofthe1argestpredatorson1andintheseear1ydaysofthedinosaursreign.它在寻找时机Itprobesforopportunity.但它的目标不是成年梁龙Butit,snottheadu1tsitsafter.这只异特龙在寻找更容易对付的猎物Thi
7、sA11osaurusis1ookingformucheasierprey.一只小梁龙AbabyDip1odocus.它从一个比柚子还小的蛋里孵出Hatchedfromaneggnobiggerthanagrapefruit,个子太小无法在龙群中生活否则可能被踩到shestoosma11to1iveamongtheherdwhereshemightbetramp1ed.所以它必须自己保护自己Instead,shemustfendforherse1f异特龙会迅速解决这只幼龙TheA11osauruswi11makequickworkofthebaby.但前提是能找到它ifitcanfindher
8、.幼龙最佳的应对方式Theyoungstersbesthope.是尽可能保持静止istostayassti11aspossib1e.异特龙有敏锐的感官TheA11osaurushaskeensenses.但是暴风雨掩盖了幼龙的线索.butthestormismaskinganyc1uestothebabys1ocation.好险Averyc1oseca11.幼小的梁龙都面临这种危险andnotjustforoneyoungDip1odocus.为了增加生存几率Toboosttheirchancesofsurviva1,这些幼龙必须尽可能能快地吃下尽可能多的食物theseyoungstersmu
9、steatasmuchastheycanasfastaspossib1e.以便能够成长为体型庞大的成年恐龙.sotheycangrowintogiant-sizedadu1ts.但就在这些巨大的恐龙吞食周围的植物时Butjustasthesehugedinosaursweredevouringthep1antsaroundthem,植物本身也在改变thep1antsthemse1veswerechanging.这样的改变将为地球上的生物带来革命性的变化.inwaysthatwou1drevo1utionize1ifeonEarth.过去植物仅依靠风或水来传播花粉Onceuponatime,p1
10、antsre1iedso1e1yonwindorwatertospreadtheirpo11en.但在恐龙时代butintheageofdinosaurs,植物繁殖出现创新aninnovationinp1antreproductionarose.这种创新今天仍然存在thatissti11verymuchwithustoday.花Thef1ower.直径40厘米At40centimetersacross,这朵花属于南美洲亚马逊雨林中的巨型睡莲thisonebe1ongstoagiantwater1i1yinSouthAmericasAmazonrainforest.它唯一的目的是吸引动物进行授粉
11、anditsso1epurposeistoattractananima1topo11inateit.随着夜幕降临花散发出强烈的菠萝般香味Aseveningapproaches,thef1owerproducesapowerfu1pineapp1e-1ikescent.令这只甲虫无法抗拒irresistib1etothisbeet1e.与它古代的祖先一样Much1ikehisancientancestors,这只被迷惑的甲虫不由自主地被诱惑到花中thebewitchedbeet1ecanthe1pbutbeenticedinside.它从外层花瓣挤入Hesqueezesthroughtheout
12、erpeta1s,来到花的中心intotheheartofthef1ower,这里是天堂whereparadiseawaits.花的内部比夜间周围的空气温暖10度InSide,itsaba1mytendegreeswarmerthanthesurroundingnightair.在这里它愉快地享用鲜美多汁的花肉Here,ithappi1yfeastsonthef1owerssuccu1entf1esh.但是甲虫也会回报一样东西Butthebeet1ea1soofferssomethinginreturn.另一株巨型睡莲上的花粉Po11enpickedupfromanothergiantwate
13、r1i1y.当它进食时花粉会粘在花的生殖器上Asitfeeds,thepo11enrubsoffontothef1ower,sreproductiveparts.黎明到来时Whendawnarrives,花会闭合thef1owerc1oses.将甲虫包裹在柔软的花瓣中enve1opingthebeet1einitsve1vetypeta1s.并将自己有粘性的花粉盖在甲虫身上andcoveringitinitsownstickypo11en.黄昏时分花再次张开Atdusk,thef1oweropensoncemore.帮助植物繁殖的目的达成之后Havingserveditspurposeinhe
14、1pingthep1anttoreproduce,花改变颜色并失去诱人的香味itchangesco1orand1osesitsa11uringscent.使覆盖着花粉的甲虫能够飞走a11owingthebeet1e,nowcoveredinthisf1ower,spo11en,tof1yoff并在无意中向另一株巨型睡莲授粉andunwitting1ypo11inateanothergiantwater1i1y.但花与甲虫传粉者之间的关系Butthere1ationshipbetweenf1owersandtheirbeet1epo11inators只是一个开始wasjustthebeginni
15、ng.恐龙时代的其它昆虫也很快加入这一行动Otherinsectsinthedinosaurerasoongotinontheaction.传播花粉takingpo11enfromf1owertof1ower.作为网报它们得到了甜美的花蜜inreturnfortheirsweet1iquidnectar.到了1.3亿年前By130mi11ionyearsago.花变得更加鲜艳f1owerswerebecomingmorevivid,生机勃勃vibrant,多种多样andvaried,因为它们争相吸引最杰出的传粉者astheycompetedtoattracttheverybestpo11inators.随着它们的传播Astheyspread.大地从一片无尽的绿色.the1andturne